APUSH Review

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34 Terms

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==Christopher Columbus==
a Spainard who traveled the Atlantic Ocean in 1492 looking for new wealth in the Asian trades
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==Columbian Exchange==
the transport of items between the two hemispheres of Europe and America
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==Feudalism==
peasants live and work under a noble and its land in exchange for that noble’s protection
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==Capitalism==
an economic system based on private ownership and free exchange
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==Joint-Stock Company==
a limited liability organization in which a plurality of investors pool their money to fund a venture
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==Encomienda System==
a colonia labor system in which the Spanish, known as encomendors, enslaved native people to form and mine in the Americas
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==Casta System==
categorized people in the Americas based on their socio-economic status
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==Casta System Rankings==
1) Peninulares

2) Criollos

3) Castas

a.) mestizos

b.) mulattoes

4) Africans

5) Nativa Americans
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==Sepulvade Argument==
argued Native Americans were less than human and benefitted from harsh labor conditions
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==Las Casas Argument==
argued Native Americans were worthy of defense and persuaded the king to pass laws that ended the slavery of the Natives (king eventually repealed the laws)
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@@Spanish@@
went to America in search of wealth from cash crops, and digging of gold and silver from the ground.

tried to convert natives to christianity and introduced the caste system
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@@French@@
established trading posts around the Americas and they had Native American wives to keep their kinship ties alive
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@@Dutch@@
established fur trading centers on Hudson River (1609) and did it for economic reasons
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@@British@@
came to America for economic reasons. others came for religion freedom and better living conditions
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@@Enclosure Movement@@
lower classes had land they used for farming that rapidly disappeared before them
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@@Chesapeake Region@@
Jamestown 1607: first permanent colonial settlement in North America
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@@Indentured Servants@@
a major labor system in which people who could not come to the new world, they would work 7 years as a laborer in America and then be released as a free person
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@@Bacon’s Rebellion@@
Nathaniel Bacon led poor farmers including indentured servants in an attack against the Indians and turned their militia toward the plantations owner by Governor Berkley
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@@New England Colonies@@
In 1620, pilgrims came in family units in order to establish a society. They established a good economy through agriculture and trade.
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@@British West Indies@@
In 1620, the British established permanent colonies in the Caribbean. The warm climate year round allowed for the growing seasons of the largest cash crop, tobacco, and sugarcane.
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@@Middle Colonies@@
diverse populations on the sea with many rivers so they thrived on an export economy
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@@Pennsylvania@@
founded by the Quakers and William Penn. They made it possible for all to have religious freedom. Land tended to be negotiated with the Natives instead of fighting for it.
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@@Mayflower Compact@@
organized government on the model of a self-governing church congregation
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@@House of Burgesses@@
representative assemly that could levy taxes and pass laws
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@@Triangular Trade@@
the trading of goods between America, Africa, and the British West Indies
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@@Mercantilism@@
an economic system that establishes wealth from trade
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@@Navigation Acts@@
required merchants to establish trade with english colonies and english owned ships
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@@Stono Rebellion@@
South Carolina 1739 a small group of slaves stole weapons from a store and killed its owners and marched along the stono river. they burned plantations and killed white folks.
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@@Metacomb’s War@@
1675 metacomb, chief of Wampanog Indians, noticed the British were destroying their lands, so the British must be removed
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@@The Enlightenment@@
a movement in Europe that established a difference between rational thinking and traditional and religious revelation
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@@Natural Rights@@
the idea of people having inborn rights given to them by a creator, not the government
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@@Social Contract@@
people in contract with the government stating people give power to gov’t and they can also take away that power
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@@Great Awakening@@
massive religious revival that spread Christianity all throughout the colonies. A large-scale return to the Christian faith.
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@@Anglicanization@@
a lot of the colonies have become english-like with the way their government is set up similar to that of the English