Statistical Reasoning - Confidence Interval Part II

Flashcards created to help review key concepts related to statistical reasoning, confidence intervals, and sampling distributions.

What is statistical inference?

Statistical inference draws conclusions about a population based on data from a sample.

What is a population parameter?

A number that describes a population.

What does the caret symbol (^) represent in statistics?

An estimate or a sample statistic.

What is the sample proportion denoted as?

The sample proportion is denoted as 𝑝Ƹ.

What is a 95% confidence interval?

A range of likely values for the population parameter where we can be 95% confident that the true value is included.

What is the purpose of the sampling distribution?

To show how the sample statistic (like mean or proportion) varies from sample to sample drawn from the same population.

According to the Central Limit Theorem, what happens when the sample size is large enough?

The sampling distribution will be approximately normal.

What is the formula for standard error of the sample proportion?

Standard error is calculated as √(p(1-p)/n).

What is the conclusion drawn from the NSSE survey regarding college seniors' plans?

We are 95% confident that between 20.57% and 21.63% of all college seniors plan to go to graduate or professional school.

How do you estimate the population proportion if the true value is unknown?

Use the sample proportion 𝑝Ƹ as the best estimate for the population proportion p.