Y10 Motion - Physics

The fundamentals of physics.

Force

The push or pull upon an object resulted from the interaction from another object.

Inertia

Causes an object to resist changes to its current state of motion.

Acceleration

The change in velocity (speed or direction).

Speed

The measure of how fast an object is moving.

A car speeds up. What happens to the forces?

Acceleration and thrust.

A box is not moving. What can you say about the forces?

Gravity

Net force

The total of all of the forces.

Formula for force

Force (N) = mass (m) x acceleration (g)

Common types of forces

Applied force, normal forces, friction, air resistance, pushing force, tension

Pushing force

An external effort applied to an object that moves away from the source of force or changes its motion.

Tension

Force in a rope, cable, or string, when pulled tightly.

Air resistance

A type of friction that slows down objects moving through the atmosphere.

Newton’s first law of motion

Inertia

Newton’s second law of motion

Acceleration, F = m*a

Newton’s third law of motion

Action and reaction forces.

Formula for weight (w)

w = mass*gravity(m/s)

Normal force (N)

The support force from the surface.

Weight

The downwards force that is always present.

Applied force

Any push or pull from a person or an object and can cause acceleration if unbalanced.

Friction

Opposite direction of motion or attempted motion.

friction causation

Caused by surfaces rubbing together.

When does tension only work?

When the rope is taut, not slack.

Scalar

A quantity or measurement defined by its magnitude.

Scalar vs Vector

Scalar is described the magnitude alone (size or amount), while vector quantities are described by both magnitude and distance

Distance (d)

The distance an object travels is the amount of ground it covers between two points.

Unit for distance (d)

(m)

Is distance scalar or vector?

d = scalar

Scalar examples

Mass, temperature, volume, time, distance, and speed.

Vector examples

Displacement (△x), velocity (v), acceleration (a), force (f), momentum (p).

Acceleration formula

(final velocity - inital velocity)/2 | (v-u)/2