A&P Lab 10

pelvic girdle (hip girdle)

secures the lower limbs to the trunk

Coxal Bones

ilium, ischium, pubis

Acetabulum

hip socket

iliium

hips

iliac crest of ilium

superior border of ilium

greater sciatic notch of ilium

Separates posterior inferior iliac spine from ischial spine

posterior superior iliac spine

the sharp posterior end of the iliac crest

anterior superior iliac spine

origin of sartorius

anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)

origin of rectus femoris

Ischium

the lower, posterior portions of the pelvis

ischial spine of ischium

located superior to the ischial tuberosity and projects medially into the pelvic cavity

lesser sciatic notch of ischium

a small notch located inferior to the ischial spine

ischial tuberosity

ischial ramus

Pubis bone

The lower front bones of the pelvic girdle

Obturator Foramen of Pelvis

Pubic tubercle

pubic crest

superior ramus of pubis

inferior ramus of pubis

pubic symphysis

articulates w fibrocartilage pad

greater trochanter of femur

insertion of gluteus medius

lesser trochanter of femur

insertion of psoas major

gluteal tuberosity of femur

lateral epicondyle of femur

medial epicondyle of femur

adductor tubercle of femur

linea aspera of femur

insertion of adductor longus

medial condyle of femur

lateral condyle of femur

Patella

kneecap

tibial tuberosity

medial condyle of tibia

insertion of semimembranosus

lateral condyle of tibia

anterior border of tibia

articular surface of tibia

medial malleolus of tibia

head of fibula

insertion of biceps femoris

lateral malleolus of fibula

gluteus maximus origin/insertion

O: iliac crest, sacrum & coccyx. I: iliotibial tract of fascia lata & gluteal tuberosity of femur.

gluteus maximus action

extends & rotates femur laterally

gluteus medius origin/insertion

O: ilium. I: greater trochanter of femur.

gluteus medius action

abducts & rotates femur

gluteus minimus

tensor fasciae latae origin/insertion

O: iliac crest. I: iliotibial tract of fascia lata.

tensor fasciae latae action

flexes & abducts femur

sartorius origin/insertion

O: anterior superior iliac spine. I: medial surface of tibia.

sartorius action

flexes knee; flexes, abducts & laterally rotates thigh.

adductor magnus (femoris) origin/insertion

O: inferior ramus of pubis & ischial tuberosity. I: linea aspera & adductor tubercle of femur.

adductor magnus (femoris) action

adducts hips; rotates & flexes femur.

adductor longus origin/insertion

O: inferior ramus of pubis. I: linea aspera of femur.

adductor longus action

adduction, flexion, & medial rotation at hip.

biceps femoris (long head and short head) origin/insertion

O: ischial tuberosity & linea aspera of femur. I: head of fibula & lateral condyle of tibia.

biceps femoris action

Flexes knee; extends thigh.

psoas major

gracilis origin/insertion

O: pubic symphysis & pubic arch. I: medial surface of tibia.

gracilis action

Flexes knee; adducts thigh.

semimembranosus origin/insertion

O: ischial tuberosity. I: medial condyle of tibia.

semimembranosus action

Flexes knee; extends thigh.

semitendinosus origin/insertion

O: ischial tuberosity. I: proximal end of tibia.

semitendinosus action

flexes knee; extends thigh.

pectineus origin/insertion

O: pectineal line of pubis & superior pubic ramus. I: inferior lesser trochanter to linea aspera of femur.

pectineus action

Flexes, adducts, & rotates thigh medially.

quadriceps femoris

rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius

rectus femoris origin/insertion

O: anterior inferior spine of ilium. I: upper border of patellae.

rectus femoris action

extends knee; flexes thigh.

vastus lateralis origin/insertion

O: greater trochanter & linea aspera of femur. I: patella & tibial tuberosity.

vastus lateralis action

extends knee

vastus medialis origin/insertion

O: linea aspera of femur. I: patella & tibial tuberosity.

vastus medialis action

extends knee

vastus intermedius origin/insertion

O: anterior & lateral surface of femur. I: patella & tibial tuberosity.

vastus intermedius action

extends knee.

gastrocnemius origin/insertion

O: lateral & medial condyles of femur & capsule of knee. I: calcaneus by Achilles tendon.

gastrocnemius action

plantar flexes (extends) foot

soleus origin/insertion

O: head of fibula & medial border of tibia. I: calcaneus by Achilles tendon.

soleus action

plantar flexes foot

fibularis longus (peroneus longus)

tibialis anterior origin/insertion

O: lateral condyle & border of tibia. I: 1st metatarsal & 1st cuneiform

tibialis anterior action

flexes foot dorsally & inverts it

iliofemoral ligament

pubofemoral ligament

ligamentum teres

ligament of the head of the femur

acetabular labrum

lip of fibrocartilage that surrounds outer margin of the acetabulum on the hip bone

tendon of quadriceps femoris

posterior cruciate ligament

anterior cruciate ligament

fibular collateral ligament

Tibial collateral ligament

Patellar ligament

oblique popliteal ligament

back of leg

arcuate popliteal ligament

Lumbar Plexus (L1-L4)

femoral nerve and obturator nerve and lateral cutaneous nerve

Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh

From L2 and L3, D. Sensory

femoral nerve

L2-L4; innervates quadriceps and skin of anterior thigh and medial surface of leg

obturator nerve (L2-L4)

L2-L4
Main nerve of the anterior division.
Travels through the obturator foramen to the medical thigh.

Sacral Plexus (L4-S4)

gluteal nerve

l4-s2. gluteal muscles

sciatic nerve

l4-s3. nerve extending from the base of the spine down the thigh, lower leg, and foot

sural nerve

supplies impulses to the skin on the outer side and back of the foot and leg

carpals (wrist bones)

scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate