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Chain of Survival
How emergency medical systems flow to keep people with life-threatening situations alive; includes components like you, non-medical first responders, emergency medicine, and surgeons.
Good Samaritan Laws
Laws that protect those who help from liability until professional help arrives, applicable in all 50 states and D.C. for reasonable actions to assist.
EMS Response Time
Typically 6-9 minutes, but life can be lost before responders arrive.
Steps When Calling 911
Take a deep breath. 2. Let the operator guide you. 3. Follow their specific instructions.
Distortion of Time Assessment Loop
A common reaction to stress involving stages like denial, deliberation, and action.
Stop the Bleeding
Apply pressure to control bleeding; irreversible if untreated and can lead to death within minutes.
Adrenaline (Fight/Flight Response)
A physiological reaction that can cause changes like temperature fluctuations, shaky hands, and loss of other functions during stress.
Types of Questions Operators Ask
911 operators ask about specific location, severity of injuries, and safety concerns to send appropriate help.
Comforting the Injured
Talk to the injured to provide comfort and ensure their safety until professional help arrives.
Assessing Safety
Use your 5 senses to ensure a safe environment; if unsafe, move to a safe location before assisting.