Oxidative Phosphorlysation
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32 Terms
Where does oxidative phosphorylation occur?
Inner mitochondrial membrane
What is oxidative phosphorylation?
The production of ATP using energy released by electrons
What is the electron transport chain?
A series of electron carriers in the inner mitochondrial membrane
What do reduced NAD and reduced FAD provide to the electron transport chain?
Electrons and protons
What happens to electrons in the electron transport chain?
They pass along electron carriers and release energy
Why is energy released in stages?
More energy can be harvested instead of being lost as heat
What is the energy from electrons used for?
Active transport of protons into the intermembrane space
Where are protons actively transported to?
Intermembrane space
What does proton accumulation create?
An electrochemical gradient
How do protons return to the matrix?
By facilitated diffusion through ATP synthase
What is chemiosmosis?
Diffusion of protons down their electrochemical gradient through ATP synthase
What does ATP synthase do?
Catalyses ATP synthesis from ADP and Pi
What provides the energy for ATP synthesis?
Movement of protons through ATP synthase
What is the final electron acceptor?
Oxygen
What does oxygen combine with?
Electrons and protons
What is formed when oxygen accepts electrons and protons?
Water
Why is oxygen important in oxidative phosphorylation?
It accepts electrons at the end of the electron transport chain
What are the reactants of oxidative phosphorylation?
Reduced NAD reduced FAD oxygen ADP and Pi
What are the products of oxidative phosphorylation?
NAD FAD water and ATP
What happens to reduced NAD?
It releases electrons and protons
What happens to reduced FAD?
It releases electrons and protons
What is substrate level phosphorylation?
Direct transfer of phosphate to ADP to form ATP
Which stage produces the most ATP?
Oxidative phosphorylation
How many ATP are produced by glycolysis?
4 ATP
How many ATP are used in glycolysis?
2 ATP
What is the net ATP gain from glycolysis?
2 ATP
How many ATP are produced by the Krebs cycle per glucose?
2 ATP
How many ATP are produced by oxidative phosphorylation per glucose?
Approximately 30 ATP
How many ATP are produced in total per glucose?
36 ATP
How many ATP are used in total per glucose?
2 ATP
What is the net ATP yield per glucose?
Approximately 34 ATP
How many ATP are produced by the link reaction?
0 ATP