IAFS 1000

The global system

international studies

the study of interactions, comparisons + commonalities with two or more states

international relations

the study of (mainly) political interactions between or among states, with a focus of diplomacy and conflict resolution.

globalization

the process by which the political , economic, social, and cultural links among people, institutions, states and governments become integrates at a global level

globalism

philosophy, ideaology, policy based on taking a global view of politics, economics, society and culture, security and enviornment

global studies

systematic study of the global system and its related features, qualities, trends, institutions, processes and problems

global system

collected elements - including people, institutions, principles, procedures, norms and habits- whose interactions make up the global whole

4 qualities of global studies

transnational

integral

inclusive

interdisciplinary

democracy index

degrees of democracy based on electoral process, functioning of gov and political participation

fragile state index

stability of states using political, economic, and social measures

world press freedom index

environment for journalism using political and legal indicators

global peace index

global trends in conflict and peace

global cybersecurity

levels of preparation for cybersecurity

economic freedom index

based on size and reach of government, property rights, and regulations of credit

human development index

quality of life based on health care, education, and standard of living

global gender gap index

magnitude of gender based disparities

global food security index

affordability, availability, quality, safety and sustainability

global hunger index

degrees of hunger based on malnourishment, waste, etc.

environmental performance index

enviornment quality because of climate change, environmental health and ecosystem vitality

sustainable development

meets current people’s need without risking future generation’s needs/ ability to meet themwe

Westphalian system

each state has authority over its own domestic territory; based on the sovereignty of states and political self-determination.

exploration

visit, understand + trade

colonization

settlement, extraction, strategic advantage and spread of ideas

industrialization

invention of tech; advancements

imperialism

philosophy in colonialism and in efforts to build spheres of influence through diplomacy, economic control, or military conquest.

bretton woods system

designed to encourage postwar peace and prosperity after 1945 through free trade and exchange rate stability COLLAPSED

colonialism

Efforts by the governments or citizens of one region to occupy and control foreign territories with a view to settlement, economic exploitation, or strategic advantage.

the west

A political, economic, and cultural concept associated with Europe and with communities that grew out of European settlement and invasion. Distinguished from Eastern ideas associated with Asia, notably China, Japan, and India.

great power

A state with a large military and continental or global interests.

decolonization

The dismantling of the structures and ideas underpinning colonial control by one state over another, or one community over another.

superpower

A state with the capacity and willingness to be active globally, particularly in a military sense.

cold war

The war of words and ideas that took place between the late 1940s and the late 1980s involving the United States, the Soviet Union, and their respective allies or client states.

third world

A label popular in the late 20th century to describe a loose and informal grouping of emerging Asian, African, Middle Eastern, and Latin American states.

global north

“developed” countries

global south

“developing countries” — usually have dynamic, fast growing economies

multipolarity

An international system based around three or more poles, or key actors. Candidates today include the United States, China, the European Union, and India.

glocalization

The idea that changes can occur at the global level and at the local level simultaneously, and that both levels are connected, one driving the other.

nationalism

The belief that nations have the right to determine their own destiny, to govern themselves, to have their own states, to place their interests above those of other nations, and to control movements across their borders.

what does global system do?

structures global interactions and behaviors and responses to each other

liberal international order

how globe is structured today

liberalism

individualism and cooperation (capitalism, democracy & international order)

international orgainization

incentives = more orgainizations lead to solving problems

globalization leads to

further integrated society

rules based order

protect individuals rights and sovereignty with rules

Peace of westphalia (5 eras)

soveregnity and self determination in europe only

age of empires (5 eras)

drive to get out of europe — colonialism

why did europe expand?

1) exploration

2) colonization

3) industrialization

4) imperialism

neo-colonialism

replaced colonial rules w dif indirect systems that perpetual colonial patterns of power, influence and dependence

end of empires (5 eras)

WWI, WWII rise of great powers, states w/ large militaries and economies

treaty of versailles

first attempt of a rules based order

cold war (5 eras)

bipolar system (two spheres of influence), former great powers were sidelined

end of history (5 eras)

unipolarity (US became superpower)

state

a territory with a population + a government whose existence and independence are recognized under international law

territory

geographical area marked by borders

population

a permanent humaan populatio of citizens and non citizens

authority

acknowledged right of state/gov to act or rule

legitimacy

recognition of legal existence of state and its jurisdiction

sovereignty

state answers to no higher authority

government

system of institutions, processes and laws responsible for and addressing

citizenship

the idea of legally belonging to a given state as a result of birth or being given citizenship, and having related rights and responsibilities

law and order

providing and maintaining the police abd criminal justice system

national security

ensuring protection from external threats including the management of the armed forces

money

managing money supply and interest rates

taxes

collecting taxes and overseeing spending of public funds

regulation

standards on everything

welfare

human rights stuff

infrastructure

maintaining basic services

legal obligation

meeting obligations under international law

citizenship

protecting the rights of citizen

nation

a group of people who identify w/ one another

nation-state

a state whose citizens share a common national identity based in a shared language and culture

multinational state

state consisting of multiple different national groups living under one government

diaspora

the scattering/movement of a population beyond its geographical / native homeland

political system

interactions and organization through which a society reaches and enforces collective decisions

democracy

a political system in which gov is based on a fair and open mandate from all qualified

democratization

process by which a state builds the institution and processes needed to become a stable democracy

authoritarianism

political system in which power is concentrated in the ruling elite, which manipulates society in order to remain in power

populism

political program or movement based on championing the rights and interests of people in the face of a ruling elite

security state

a state that follows the activity of its citizens through monitoring communication

failing state

state with deep structural problems, often major internal divisions weak governing institutions and failed/failing economies

identity

concept of self based on sometimes fluid attributes that range from age and gender to culture, ethnicity, birthplace, job + language

worldview

the manner in which each of us- as individuals or as members of like minded groups - perceives the world

national identity

identification with a state or nation, as determined by a combination of language, place of birth and citizenship

patriotism

love of country, identification w/ country or devotion to country, as reflected in a pride in the history, symbols, or myths of that countries

cosmopolitanism

association with the world with universal ideas and with the belief that all humans belong to a single community that transcends state boundaries and national identities

culture

the values, beliefs, habits, and attitudes to which.a society or community subscribes and responds often unconsciously and even in the face of individual differences

culture shock

discomfort that people might feel when experiencing a different culture

global culture

aspects that have taken on global dimensions

cultural imperialism

promotion and imposition of one culture on another

civilization

an advanced stage of human development marked by features such as political and social orgainization

multiculturalism

belief in society made up of multiple cultures and recognition of those cultures

race

grouping of humans based on their heritable physical differences, such as skin color and facial features

ethnicity

a group of people who identify with one another based on shared ansestral and cultural background

ethnocentrism

viewing or judging other cultures from the perspective of ones own culture

ethnic cleansing

systematic and forced removal of an ethnic minority from the territory of another ethnic group —> achieve ethnic homogenization

genocide

international efforts to wholly or partially destriy a group of people because of ethnicity, race or religion

gender

characteristics of masculinity and femininity as distinct from the biological attributes of sex and referring to culturally constructed roles

gender identity

conception that a person has of themselves

religion

belief in a superhuman controlling or guiding power

secularism

belief in the separation of religion and the state