Healthful living flashcards

How much does the human brain weigh?

3 pounds

The brain is about the same size as what fruit?

cantaloupe

The brain develops ____ __ _______

Back to front

At what age does the brain fully develop?

25.

What do neurons do?

transmit information

How many neurons does the human brain have?

100 billion

Synapse is located __________

between two nerve cells

Synapses convert

Electrical to chemical signals

What are Neurotransmitters?

The brain’s chemical messengers

How many kinds of neurotransmitters are there?

100

Adrenaline

fight or flight

Noradrenaline

concentration

Dopamine

pleasure

Serotonin

mood

GABA

calming

Acetylcholine

learning

Glutamate

memory

Endorphins

euphoria

Self regulation

• Part of executive functioning

• Uses the cortex

What are the 5 Elements of Fitness?

• Muscular Strength

• Muscular Endurance

• Body Composition

• Cardiovascular Endurance

• Flexibility

What does the hindbrain control?

vital functions

What does the midbrain control?

movement and vision

What does the forebrain and cortex control?

executive functioning

What does the frontal lobe control?

decision making and smell

What does the parietal lobe control?

Movement and integration of senses

What does the occipital lobe control?

Vision

What does the temporal lobe control?

Emotions and hearing

What does the cerebrum control?

Initiates and coordinates movement and regulates temperature

What does the brain stem control?

Vital functions

What does the cerebellum control?

Muscle control

What does the nervous system consist of?

Cells in the brain and spine

What is the center of the nervous system?

The brain

What is the limbic system referred to?

The emotional brain

How does the limbic system develop?

First and early

What does pruning do?

eliminates weak synapses

What is myelin?

The fatty layer around the axon

What does the reward system do?

It promotes survival

What does the Prefrontal cortex control in the triad?

•  executive functioning and decision making

What does the Nucleus accumbens control in the triad?

processes the reward

What does the Amygdala control in the triad?

assess the emotional state

What is sleep?

A state of decreased arousal that is created by neural activity

What is circadian rhythm?

Sleep/wake rhythm determined by the period of light occurring every 24 hours

Why is sleep important?

Memory consolidation and Removal of toxins

What are Eating Disorders?

Illnesses where people experience disturbances in their eating behaviors

Three types of eating disorders?

Anorexia, Bulimia nervosa, Binge eating disorder

What does the sympathetic nervous system do?

prepares the body for fight or flight

What does the amygdala do?

The amygdala controls the fight or flight response

Target heart rate

how fast the heart should be beating when exercising