Pelvis, Hip, Thigh, and Knee Muscles

iliacus

hip flexion, slight external rotation

iliacus action

femoral n.

iliacus innervation

psoas major

bodies and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae

psoas major origin

lesser trochanter of femur

psoas major insertion

hip flexion, slight external rotation

psoas major action

lumbar plexus

psoas major innervation

psoas minor

posterior pelvis tilt, weak trunk flexion

psoas minor action

lumbar plexus

psoas minor innervation

tensor fascia latae

hip flexion, abduction and internal rotation of thigh, anterior and lateral pelvic tilt

tensor fascia latae action

superior gluteal n.

tensor fascia latae innervation

gluteus maximus

sacrum, coccyx, posterior iliac crest

gluteus maximus origin

upper iliotibial tract, lower gluteal tuberosity

gluteus maximus insertion

hip extension, external rotation, abduction

gluteus maximus action

inferior gluteal n.

gluteus maximus innervation

gluteus medius

hip abduction

anterior fibers: hip internal rotation and flexion

posterior fibers: hip external rotation and extension

gluteus medius action

superior gluteal n.

gluteus medius innervation

gluteus minimus

hip abduction, internal rotation

gluteus minimus action

superior gluteal n.

gluteus minimus innervation

piriformis

laterally rotate extended thigh, abduct flexed thigh, steadies femoral head in acetabulum

piriformis action

anterior rami of S1, S2

piriformis innervation

superior gemelli

upper muscle

laterally rotate extended thigh, abduct flexed thigh, steadies femoral head in acetabulum

superior gemelli action

nerve to obturator internus

superior gemelli innervation

obturator internus

laterally rotate extended thigh, abduct flexed thigh, steadies femoral head in acetabulum

obturator internus action

nerve to obturator internus

obturator internus innervation

inferior gemelli

lower muscle

laterally rotate extended thigh, abduct flexed thigh, steadies femoral head in acetabulum

inferior gemelli action

nerve to quadratus femoris

inferior gemelli innervation

obturator externus

laterally rotates thigh, steadies femoral head in acetabulum

obturator externus action

obturator n.

obturator externus innervation

quadratus femoris

laterally rotates thigh, steadies femoral head in acetabulum

quadratus femoris action

nerve to quadratus femoris

quadratus femoris innervation

sartorius

anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)

sartorius origin

proximal medial surface of tibia

sartorius insertion

hip flexion, abduction, external rotation

knee flexion, internal rotation

sartorius action

femoral n.

sartorius innervation

rectus femoris

anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)

rectus femoris origin

patella via quadriceps tendon and tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon

rectus femoris insertion

knee extension, hip flexion

rectus femoris action

femoral n.

rectus femoris innervation

vastus lateralis

greater trochanter (intertrochanteric line)

vastus lateralis origin

patella via quadriceps tendon and tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon

vastus lateralis insertion

knee extension

vastus lateralis action

femoral n.

vastus lateralis innervation

vastus medialis

anterior and lateral surfaces of femur

vastus medialis origin

patella via quadriceps tendon and tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon

vastus medialis insertion

knee extension

vastus medialis action

femoral n.

vastus medialis innervation

vastus intermedius

anterior and lateral surfaces of femur

vastus intermedius origin

patella via quadriceps tendon and tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon

vastus intermedius insertion

knee extension

vastus intermedius action

femoral n.

vastus intermedius innervation

biceps femoris - long head

ischial tuberosity

biceps femoris - long head origin

hip extension, external rotation, posterior pelvis tilt

biceps femoris - long head action

tibial n. from the sciatic n.

biceps femoris - long head innervation

biceps femoris - short head

linea aspera

biceps femoris - short head origin

common fibular n. from sciatic n.

biceps femoris - short head innervation

head of fibula

biceps femoris - both heads insertion

knee flexion, external rotation of flexed knee

biceps femoris - both heads action

semimembranosus

ischial tuberosity

semimembranosus origin

posterior surface of medial tibial condyle

semimembranosus insertion

knee flexion, hip extension, posterior pelvis tilt

semimembranosus action

tibial n. from the sciatic n.

semimembranosus innervation

semitendinosus

ischial tuberosity

semitendinosus origin

medial surface of proximal tibia

semitendinosus insertion

knee flexion, hip extension, posterior pelvis tilt

semitendinosus action

tibial n. from the sciatic n.

semitendinosus innervation

pectineus

superior pubic ramus

pectineus origin

superior linea aspera

pectineus insertion

hip adduction, flexion, internal rotation

pectineus action

femoral n. and obturator n.

pectineus innervation

adductor brevis

inferior pubic ramus

adductor brevis origin

proximal 1/3 linea aspera

adductor brevis insertion

hip adduction, internal rotation, hip flexion up to 70°

adductor brevis action

obturator n.

adductor brevis innervation

adductor longus

superior pubic ramus, anterior side of symphysis

adductor longus origin

middle 1/3 of linea aspera

adductor longus insertion