Functionalist perspectives on education

WJEC essay plan for the functionalist perspectives on education

socialisation

socialisation

one of the major roles of education is to socialise individuals into the shared norms and values of society.

cultivating social solidarity

through imparting a shared culture, education helps foster a sense of social unity or camaraderie (Durkheim).

preparing individuals for society

prepares individuals for their future role in society, often referred to as teaching the skills necessary for the future workforce.

meritocracy

meritocratic education system, where rewards are based on individual achievement

role allocation

primary function of education according to functionalists, to allocate individuals to the most suitable job for their talents, using examinations and qualifications.

Durkheim

education as a tool to maintain social order. serves to reinforce collective sentiments and ensure conformity and cooperation in society.

Parsons

schools act as the ‘focal socialising agency’ in modern society. Parsons also posited that education is a bridge between the family and wider society.

ignoring inequality

critics argue that functionalists tend to overlook the inequality in the education system and how it perpetuates class structure.

excessive consensus

assumes an excessive degree of agreement or consensus about what is to be taught and learned. critics say this is often not the case in today’s multicultural societies.