Functionalist perspectives on education

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WJEC essay plan for the functionalist perspectives on education

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9 Terms

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socialisation

one of the major roles of education is to socialise individuals into the shared norms and values of society.

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cultivating social solidarity

through imparting a shared culture, education helps foster a sense of social unity or camaraderie (Durkheim).

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preparing individuals for society

prepares individuals for their future role in society, often referred to as teaching the skills necessary for the future workforce.

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meritocracy

meritocratic education system, where rewards are based on individual achievement

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role allocation

primary function of education according to functionalists, to allocate individuals to the most suitable job for their talents, using examinations and qualifications.

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Durkheim

education as a tool to maintain social order. serves to reinforce collective sentiments and ensure conformity and cooperation in society.

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Parsons

schools act as the ‘focal socialising agency’ in modern society. Parsons also posited that education is a bridge between the family and wider society.

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ignoring inequality

critics argue that functionalists tend to overlook the inequality in the education system and how it perpetuates class structure.

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excessive consensus

assumes an excessive degree of agreement or consensus about what is to be taught and learned. critics say this is often not the case in today’s multicultural societies.