FINALS ORS 2 MOINA

Erector spinae Origin

Posterior sacrum, iliac crest, sacrospinous ligament, supraspinous ligament, spinous processes of lower lumbar vertebrae and sacrum

Erector spinae (Iliocostalis) Insertion

Angles of lower ribs, cervical transverse processes

Erector spinae (Longissimus) insertion

Between tubercles and angles of ribs, transverse processes of thoracic and cervical vertebrae, mastoid process

Erector spinae (Spinalis) insertion

Spinous processes of upper thoracic and midcervical vertebrae

Erector spinae innervation

Posterior rami of each region

Erector spinae action

Extends and laterally bends vertebral column and head

Interspinales Origin

Spinous process

Interspinales insertion

Adjacent spinous process

Interspinales nerve supply

posterior rami of spinal nerves

Interspinales action

Aid in extension of vertebral column

Intertransversarii muscle group

Segmental (Cervical, thoracic, lumbar)

Intertransversarii origin

Extend between adjacent transverse processes of vertebrae

Intertransversarii insertion

Extend between adjacent transverse processes of vertebrae

Intertransversarii nerve supply

Posterior rami of spinal nerves

Intertransversarii action

assist in lateral flexion of vertebral column

Multifidus muscle group

Transversospinales

Multifidus Origin

Sacrum, ilium, transverse processes of T1-T12, and articular processes of C4-C7

Multifidus insertion

Spinous processes of vertebrae above, spanning two to four segments

Multifidus nerve supply

Posterior rami of each region

Multifidus action

Stabilizes spine

Rectus capitis posterior minor origin

Tubercle of posterior arch of atlas

Rectus capitis posterior minor insertion

Median inferior nuchal line

Rectus capitis posterior minor nerve supply

Suboccipital nerve

Rectus capitis posterior minor actions

Extends head

Splenius capitis origin

Nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7-T4

Splenius capitis insertion

Mastoid process of temporal bone, lateral 3rd of superior nuchal line

Splenius capitis nerve supply

Posterior rami of middle cervical nerves

Splenius capitis action

Bilaterally: Extends head
Unilaterally: Laterally bends(flexes) and rotates face to same side

Splenius cervicis origin

Spinous processes of T3-T6

Splenius cervicis insertion

Transverse processes (C1-C3)

Splenius cervicis nerve supply

Posterior rami of lower cervical nerves

Splenius cervicis action

Bilaterally: Extends neck
Unilaterally: Laterally bends (flexes) and rotates neck toward same side

Rotatores origin

Transverese processes of cervical, thoracic, and lumbar regions

Rotatores insertion

Lamina and transverse process of spine above, spanning one or two segments

Rotatores nerve supply

Posterior rami of spinal nerves

Rotatores action

Stabilizes, extends, and rotates spine

Semispinalis origin

Transverse processes of C4-T12

Semispinalis insertion

Spinous processes of cervical and thoracic regions

Semispinalis nerve supply

Posterior rami of spinal nerves

Semispinalis action

Extends head, neck, and thorax and rotataes them to opposite side

Rectus capitis posterior major origin

Spine of axis

Rectus capitis posterior major insertion

Inferior nuchal line

Rectus capitis posterior major nerve supply

Suboccipital nerve

Rectus capitis posterior major action

Extends and rotates head to same side

Scalenus anterior origin

Anterior tubercles of transverse processes of C3-C6

Scalenus anterior insertion

Scalene tubercle on 1st rib

Scalenus anterior nerve supply

Anterior rami of cervical neres (C5-C8)

Scalenus anterior action

Elevates 1st rib; bends neck

Scalenus medius origin

Posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C2-C7

Scalenus medius insertion

Upper surface of 1st rib (behind subcalvian groove)

Scalenus medius nerve supply

Anterior rami of cervical nerves (C3-C7)

Scalenus medius action

Elevates 1st rib: bends neck

Scalenus posterior origin

Posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C4-C6

Scalenus posterior insertion

Outer surface of 2nd rib

Scalenus posterior nerve supply

Anterior rami of cervical nerves (C5-C8)

Scalenus posterior action

Elevates 2nd rib; bends neck

Quadratus lumborum origin

Medial half of inferior border of 12th rib, tips of lumbar transverse processes

Quadratus lumborum insertion

Iliolumbar ligament, internal lip of iliac crest

Quadratus lumborum nerve supply

Anterior rami of T12 and first four lumbar nerves

Quadratus lumborum Action

Extends and laterally flexes vertebral column, fixes 12th rib during inspiration

Rectus abdominis origin

Pubic symphysis, pubic crest

Rectus abdominis insertion

Xiphoid process, costal cartilages 5-7

Rectus abdominis nerve supply

Anterior rami of six inferior thoracic nerves

Rectus abdominis action

Flexes trunk, compresses abdominal viscera

Transversus abdominis origin

Internal surfaces of costal cartilages 7-12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, lateral 3rd of inguinal ligament

Transversus abdominis insertion

Linea alba w/ aponeurosis of internal abdominal oblique, pubic crest, and pecten pubis via conjoint tendon

Transversus abdominis nerve supply

Anterior rami of six inferior thoracic and first lumbar nerves

Transversus abdominis action

Compresses and supports abdominal viscera

External abdominal oblique origin

External surfaces of ribs 5-12

External abdominal oblique insertion

Linea alba, pubic tubercle, anterior half of iliac crest

External abdominal oblique nerve supply

Anterior rami of six inferior thoracic nerves

External abdominal oblique action

Compresses and supports abdominal viscera, flexes and rotates trunk

Internal abdominal oblique origin

Thoracolumbar fascia, anterior 2/3 of iliac crest, lateral half of inguinal ligament

Internal abdominal oblique insertion

Inferior borders of ribs 10-12, linea alba, pubis via conjoint tendon

Internal abdominal oblique nerve supply

Anterior rami of six inferior thoracic and first lumbar nerves

Internal abdominal oblique action

Compresses and supports abdominal viscera, flexes and rotates trunk

Trapezius origin

Occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, spine of C7, spines of all thoracic vertebrae

Trapezius insertion

Upper fibers into lateral third of clavicle; middle and lower fibers into acromion and spine of scapula

Trapezius nerve supply

Spinal part of accessory nerve (motor) and C3 and 4 (sensory)

Trapezius action

Upper fibers elevate the scapula; middle fibers pull scapula medially; lower fibers pull medial border of scapula downward

Levator scapulae origin

Transverse processes of 1st four cervical vertebrae

Levator scapulae insertion

Medial border of scapula

Levator scapulae nerve supply

C3 and 4 and dorsal scapular nerve

Levator scapulae action

Raises medial border of scapula

Pectoralis major origin

Clavicle, sternum, and upper six costal cartilages

Pectoralis major insertion

Lateral lip of bicipital groove of humerus

Pectoralis major nerve supply

Medial and lateral pectoral nerves from brachial plexus

Pectoralis major action

Adducts arm and rotates it medially; clavicular fibers also flex arm

Pectoralis minor origin

3rd, 4th, and 5th ribs

Pectoralis minor insertion

Coracoid process of scapula

Pectoralis minor nerve supply

Medial pectoral nerve from brachial plexus

Pectoralis minor action

Depresses point of shoulder; if the scapula is fixed, it elevates the ribs of origin

Rhomboid minor origin

Ligamentum nuchae and spines of C7 and T1 vertebrae

Rhomboid minor insertion

Medial border of scapula

Rhomboid minor nerve supply

Dorsal scapular nerve

Rhomboid minor action

Raises medial border of scapula upward and medially

Rhomboid major origin

2nd to 5th thoracic spines

Rhomboid major insertion

Medial border of scapula

Rhomboid major nerve supply

Dorsal scapular nerve

Rhomboid major action

Raises medial border of scapula upward and medially