Effect processors

RT60

the amount of time it takes for reverb to decay 60 dB, decay time

Reverberation

Late, dense reflections that fuse together

Early reflections

Sounds that arrive at the listener from the direct sound after being reflected once from parts of listening space, such as walls, ceilings and floor.

pre-delay

the time delay before reverb is heard

Spring reverb

six springs coupled and placed in parallel combine to create a rich reverb effect throughout the full range of musical sound.

Plate reverb

amplifier is connected to plate and adds reverb through plate vibrations.

Echo chamber

large, enclosed, empty spaces with floors and walls made of hard materials that reflect sound waves well.

Slap echo

a single echo resulting from non-absorbing (i.e., reflective) surfaces, characterized by a significant amount of high frequency content

Flanging or phasing

Flanging uses a modulating time delay to produce a comb filter. The delayed signal is combined with the dry signal to create constructive and destructive phase interference.

Chorus

simulates the sound of multiple voices or players in unison, each with slightly different timing and intonation. Created using multiple delays with varying delay times and feedback.

Pitch shift

Varying the playback speed tape provided the ability to raise or lower the pitch of the recorded sound. Digital pitch processing allows changing pitch while preserving the tempo of the original performance.

Automatic double tracking (ADT)

Doubling a part in the mix provides depth to the part, as multiple instruments play the same part in an orchestra or band. ADT used two tape machines playing back the same part but with one machine at a slightly different speed to make slight pitch and time changes.

Tape delay

an audio effect reminiscent of an echo, using tape loops (analog) lengthening the loop and other adjustments allow the nature of the echo to be controlled.

Intonation processing

Digital processing improved the quality and usefulness of pitch editing algorithms (AutoTune, Melodyne, Nectar, etc)