social studies uil 25-26

people terms events docs everything u can

Konrad Adenauer

WESTERN ALIGNED—-Leader of Germany's Christian Democratic Party, First chancellor

of West Germany between the years 1946 and 1966. Had close relations

with the U.S. France, and the United Kingdom

Salvador Allende

SOVIET ALIGNED—-Chilean socialist politician, he was the 28th president of Chile who won the narrow 1970 election as a part of the Popular Unity Coalition. He supported nationalization of major industries, education, and improving living standards of the working class. He was the first Marxist elected to a national presidency of a liberal democracy in Latin America. In September 1973, the military, under Augusto Pinochet, moved to oust Allende in a coup supported by the CIA; the Nixon administration saw Allende as a Communist threat, even though Allende was democratically elected. As troops surrounded La Moneda Palace, he gave his last speech vowing not to resign. Later that day, Allende died by suicide in his office.

Aldrich Ames

SOVIET ALIGNED—-Worked as a college lecturer and then counterintelegence

officer for the CIA, but was convicted of espionage and

had released the mostclassified information until 2001

Yuri Andropov

SOVIET ALIGNED—-Soviet politician who served as the Soviet Ambassador to Hungary during the suppression of the 1956 Hungarian uprising. He then served as the Chairman of the KGB from 1967 until 1982 when he became General Secretary (defacto leader) of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from late 1982 until his death in 1984. As Secretary, he sought to eliminate corruption by investigating longtime officials for violations of party discipline and economic inefficiency in the country by criminalizing workplace truancy. While in office, the Cold War and the crisis over the Soviet economy intensified. His major long-term impact was bringing to the fore a new generation of passionate, young reformers (ex Gorbachev).

Jacabo Arbenz

NON-ALIGNED (but soviet leaning likely) —-

25th Guatemalan president and minister of defense between 1944

and 1950, implemented agrarian reform and was

a key player in Guatemalan representive democracy

Bernard Baruch

WESTERN ALIGNED—-Key economic manager during WW1 as chairman of the war industries

board, advised Woodrow Wilson and later FDR during WW2. U.S. rep

to the UN Atomic Energy Commission. Developed rehab for injrued

servicemen as well.

Lavrenti Beria

SOVIET ALIGNED—-One of the most prolific and influential secret police chiefs

under Stalin. Served between 1938 and 1946, during WW2. Georgian

by blood and his reign marked the end of the Stalinist Great Purge.

Organized the Katyn massacre, deported thousands, and oversaw

security on the state defense committee. Forced Gulag prisoners

into expanded labor and oversaw ethnic cleansing/genocide of

the Caucauses. Removed from power after Kruschev's coup in 1953

Ernest Bevin

WESTERN ALIGNED—-Former British minister of labour, served in the wartime gov-

ernment, labour party politician. Foreign secretary in the post

war government that secured Marshall aid and was the main drive

to create NATO. Founded an anti-communist propaganda wing in the

government.

George Blake

SOVIET ALIGNED—-British Intelligence Agent that became a double agent for the

Soviets, became a communist after being taken hostage by North

Koreans during the Korean war. Sentenced to 42 years until his

escape to the Soviet Union. Seen as a hero.

Willy Brandt

WESTERN ALIGNED—-German politician and leader of the nation's Social Democratic

party; Chancellor of West Germany between 1969 and 1974. He

wanted to cooperate with Western Europe and reconcile with

Eastern Europe

Leonid Brezhnev

SOVIET ALIGNED—-Secretary of the Soviet Communist party between 1964 and 1982.

Helped remove Kruschev from power. Originally formed a triumvirate

with Kosygin and Podgorny but consolidated power to rule by the 60s

Carlos Castillo Armas

WESTERN ALIGNED—-President of Guatemala between 1954 and 1957 after staging a coup.

Part of the far right party and closely allied with the U.S..

Fidel Castro

SOVIET ALIGNED—-Cuban revolutionary who took over the Country. Turned the country

communist and Soviet-aligned. ADD MORE STUFF

Nicolae Ceauceșcu

SOVIET ALIGNED—-Dictator and last communist leader

of Romania, was executed after the

fall of communism in Romania; arrested

briefly in 1939 and executed on national

television in 1989.

Chang Kai Shek

SOVIET ALIGNED—-Led Republic of China from 1928 to 1975. Ruled mainland china

but was forced to flee to Taiwan after suffering a defeat from

the CCP. He led the Kuomintang + was the commander-in-chief

of the nationalist army.

Konstantin Cherneko

SOVIET ALIGNED—-General Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party (1984-1985) and

succeeded Andropov. He also Succeeded Brezhnev to become head

of the propaganda department in Moldavia.

Winston Churchill

WESTERN ALIGNED—-Prime Minister of the Uk from 1940 to 1945 and then from 1951

to 1955. Member of the conservative party and member of Parliament.

Lucius D. Clay

WESTERN ALIGNED—-American army officer that administrated Occupied Germany. Deputy

General of the Dwight D. Eisenhower. Orchestrated the Berlin

Airlift when the USSR blockaded west Berlin.

Charles De Gaulle

WESTERN ALIGNED—-Leader of the Free French forces against Nazi Germany and Vichy

France. Chair of France's provisional government to restore

democracy in France. Rewrote the French constitution and served

in WWI. Was the undisputed leader of Free France.

Deng Xiaoping

SOVIET ALIGNED---chair of the people's republic of china, cons-

olidated power after the death of Mao Zedong, worked with Zhou

Enlai, put china into a socialist-market economy and opened it up.

Anatoly Dobrynin

SOVIET ALIGNED---Soviet statesman and ambassador to the U.S. for

20+ years, denied presence of soviet missiles in cuba (didn't

know)during the Cuban missile crisis, Soviet end of Kissinger-

Dobrynin communication and the link between Nixon and the Polit-

buro.

Alexander Dubček

SOVIET ALIGNED---Czechoslovak and later Slovak statesman and

communist leader of Slovakia. Enacted communist reform during the

Prague Spring. Slogan was "Socialism with a human face."

Allen Dulles

WESTERN ALIGNED—-Civilian director of the CIA during cold war

and Iranian Coup(1953), Guatemalan Coup(1954), MKUltra, and the

bay of pigs. Kennedy forced him to resign after bay of pigs failed.

John Foster Dulles

WESTERN ALIGNED---Eisenhower's secretary of state, aggressive

anti communist. Briefly a senator.

Klaus Fuchs

SOVIET ALIGNED---German physicist and spy that suppled information about the British-American Manhattan project to the Soviets. Responsible for many early calculations leading to the creation of atomic bombs. Created early models of the hydrogren bomb. Went to UK prison and then migrated to East Germany

Georgiou Costas

NON ALIGNED (sort of)--Greek Cypriot turned mercenary hired in

the Angolan civil war under the psuedonym Colonel Tony Cullen. A

fter helping the FNLA (U.S. and UK backed), after stopping MPLA

forces at a hospital he was working at with FLNA forces, he was

appointed Colonel head of the FNLA army. Within 2 days he killed

and disarmed many FNLA allies for "fun." Ultimately got captured

by the MPLA after his battalion suffered numerous defeats. He was

tried in the Luana trials and sentenced to death by the MPLA. Known

to be a psychopathic killer that murdered his allies for pleasure

or out of paranoia. Killed 170 Angolans by his trial.

Gomułka Władysław

SOVIET ALIGNED---Polish communist and First Secretary of the

Central Committee of the Polish Workers Party; effectively

built the people's republic of poland. Was part of numerous

unions and communist organization until his joining of the the

illegal communist party of poland in 1926. Arrested a few times

for communist-related actions and eventually escaped to school

in Moscow after serving a 2 year prison sentence. Imprisoned again

upon his return, he avoided dying in the great purge. Kept

trying to secure aid from Moscow upon rise to power, but it was

ever decreasing.

Mikhail Gorbachev

SOVIET ALIGNED—Last Soviet leader before dissolution in 1991. General Secretary of the communist party from 1985 and then head of state from 1988 onward. Grew up under Stalin, eventually became a communist and then joined the one-party Soviet Union.

Oleg Gordievsky

WESTERN ALIGNED---Soviet KGB chief that was a double agent giving

information to the British Intelligence agency. He was called

to Moscow under suspicion and then Exfiltraded from the Soviet

Union in July of 1985 [op name: Pimlico].

Klement Gottwald

SOVIET ALIGNED---Czech communist politician that led the communist

party in Czechoslovakia between 1929 and 1953. After the Munich

Agreement, democratic Czechoslovakia collapsed and the right

wing party forced Gottwald to emigrate to the Soviet Union. After

the Munich agreement, he fell in a Coup that resulted from terrible

public opinion and increasing opposition from the right-wing party

after his denial of the Marshall Plan's aid, Stalin ordered him to

eliminate parliamentary opposition to the communists, after which

over 12 non communist ministers resigned, thinking Gottwald wouldn't

be able to govern without them. Created the 9th of May constitution,

[communist doc].

Andrei Gromyko

SOVIET ALIGNED---Diplomat during the cold war, Minister of Foreign

affars (1957-1985), and presidium of the supreme soviet(1985-1988).

Known as "Mr. Nyet" because he frequently vetoed things in the UN

security council.

Ernesto Guevara

SOVIET ALIGNED---More commonly known as "Che Guevara," Marxist

revolutionary, (this is self explanatory)