1.1 Rates Of Reaction

How can we measure the rate of reaction?

We can measure the change in quantity of a reactant or product over a period of time

What is collision theory?

Reactant particles must collide with enough energy and correct orientation for a reaction to occur

What factors affect the rate of reaction?

Temperature, concentration, particle size or surface area, and the presence of a catalyst

What is the effect of temperature on rate?

Increasing the temperature allows particles to gain more kinetic energy to move faster so they can make more collisions

What is the effect of concentration on rate?

Increasing the concentration of a reactant provides more reactant particles to collide for more collisions

What is the effect of particle size on rate?

Decreasing the particle size or increasing the surface area exposes more particles for more collisions

What is a catalyst?

A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being used up and can be recovered unchanged at the end

How can reaction progress be followed?

Reaction progress can be followed by measuring changes in mass, volume, or concentration over time

What is the formula for average rate?

Rate equals change in quantity divided by change in time

What happens to the rate of reaction over time?

The rate of a chemical reaction decreases over time as reactants are used up

How can insoluble gases be collected in the lab?

Insoluble gases can be collected by displacement of water

Why might a gas syringe be preferred over displacement of water?

A gas syringe is more accurate and works for both soluble and insoluble gases

What indicates the end point of a reaction on a graph?

The line graph becomes flat or horizontal when the reaction is finished