Patho Fluid Quiz Study

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Brain Health

consists of 90 percent water

Oral ingestion of water

transports nutrients and oxygen into the cells

Water in lungs

moisturizes the air in the body to help with metabolism

Water in Muscles

consists of 73 percent water

Water in the bones

Consists of 22 percent water, protects and moisturizes the joints

water in the heart

consists of 80-83 percent water

Systemic functions

detoxifies the body, helps organs absorb nutrients, helps regulate body, protects organs.

Water gain

80 percent drinking fluids, 20 percent eating foods.

Water loss

breathing, sweating, urinating, bowel movements

intracellular fluids

fluid in the cells

extracellular fluids

fluid outside the cells (1/3 of the fluid)

Interstitial fluid

fluid in the tissues (in between cells - 80 percent of ecf)

Vascular fluids

fluids within the blood vessels (part of blood - 20 percent of ecf)

Hypothalamus

osmo receptors that detect fluid volume and concentration, sending a thirst signal for fluid intake.

Anti-dieuretic hormone

controls amount of fluid leaving the body by promoting fluid reabsorption in the kidneys (ADH)

ANP and BNP

respond to increased BP by stimulating the elimination of water.

filtration

movement of water and solutes, from high pressure to low pressure areas.

hydrostatic pressure

push force - pushes water and solutes out of blood and into tissues

osmotic pressure

pull force - pulls water and solutes into blood from tissues

Osmosis

Movement of water in and out of cells

Hypotonic

solution outside the cell has less solute than in the cell

Hypertonic

solution outside the cell has more solute than in the cell

Isotonic

solution in and out of the cell is equal

tonicity

describes how things move based on solute concentration to predict water movement.

edema

extra fluid in the intrastitial compartment, resulting in tissue swelling

dehydration

insufficient body fluid due to decrease in intake or excessive loss of fluid.

edema causes

increased capillar hydrostatic pressure, elevated b/p, increased sodium levels, loss of plasma proteins, lymphatic tissue obstructions, increase in capillary permeability

dehydration causes

vomiting, diherria, excessivley sweating,

edema effects

swelling, pale grey skin, weight gain, slow bounding pulse, increased blood pressure, lethargy, pulminary conjestion, bubble lung(rales)

dehydration effects

sunken soft eyes, dry mucos membrane, skin turgor, skin elasticity, low blood pressure, weak rapid thready pulse, fatigue, weakness, dizzyness, increased body temparature.

edema labs

decreace in hct, decreased sodium levels, high volume of urine output, low specific gravity.

dehydration labs

increased hct, higher sodium blood level, high specific gravity, low urine output

third spacing

fluid is taken out of circulation and pools elsewhere, common in burn blisters.