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What is a hominid
The group consisting of all modern and extinct great apes (that is modern humans, chimpanzees, gorillas and orangutan.
Why are we called primates?
Because we are all classified together in the taxonomic order primates
What sources of evidence are used to understand how human characteristics evolved?
Comparative anatomy
Comparative biochemistry
Behaviour of living primates
Fossils of primates
Characteristics of primates
Common features result of primates evolving in a arboreal (tree-like) environment
Having grasping fingers and toes and overlapping vision are are distinctive to primates
Body
Not specialised for a particular environment
Limbs
Generally unspecialised
Hands/feet
Pentadactyl - five fingers and toes
nails instead of claws
Grasping fingers and toes with friction ridges for gripping first digit opposable
Eyes
Forward facing for three - dimensional (stereoscopic) vision
Most are able to distinguish colour
Sense of smell
Very poor
Teeth
Four incisors in both the upper and lower jaw
Brain
Large and complex
Cerebrum size increases as primates become more highly evolved
reproduction
Not restricted to a breeding season
Rhythmic sexual cycle
Usually only one offspring at a time
Long period of parental care for offspring