Video Notes: Sensory Disorders Review (Eye and Hearing)

Vocabulary-style flashcards covering key terms, definitions, etiologies, symptoms, nursing care planning, therapies, and safety considerations for sensory disorders (eye and hearing) based on the video notes.

blindness

Complete or severe loss of vision; total or near-total lack of light perception.

complete blindness

No perception of light; total loss of vision.

legal blindness

Vision impairment defined for legal purposes (often limited field or acuity).

visual acuity

Clarity of vision measured with eye charts (e.g., Snellen).

central vision

Vision in the center of the visual field used for tasks like reading.

peripheral vision

Side vision surrounding the central field; essential for mobility.

ametropia

Refractive error where light does not focus on the retina.

myopia

Nearsightedness; distant objects appear blurry.

hyperopia

Farsightedness; near objects appear blurry.

presbyopia

Age-related loss of accommodation leading to near vision difficulty.

astigmatism

Irregular curvature of the cornea or lens causing blurred vision.

cataract

Clouding of the eye lens resulting in blurred vision.

open-angle glaucoma

Chronic glaucoma with gradual drainage obstruction and rising IOP.

angle-closure glaucoma

Acute glaucoma due to sudden blockage of drainage; emergency.

acute angle-closure glaucoma

Emergency glaucoma with abrupt increase in IOP and severe symptoms.

intraocular pressure

Pressure inside the eye; elevated in glaucoma and treated to prevent damage.

tonometry

Measurement of intraocular pressure.

halos around lights

Glowing rings around lights, often with high IOP/glaucoma.

floaters

Small spots or threads seen in the visual field; can indicate retinopathy or detachments.

photophobia

Light sensitivity or discomfort with light.

retina

Light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye that converts light to signals.

optic nerve

Nerve transmitting visual information from retina to brain.

macula

Central retina region responsible for fine, detailed vision.

macular degeneration

Degeneration of the macula causing central vision loss.

dry macular degeneration

Slow progression; gradual degeneration of the macula without new vessels.

wet macular degeneration

Neovascular AMD with leakage and rapid central vision loss.

amsler grid

Grid used to monitor central vision for distortion in AMD.

Snellen chart

Letter chart used to measure visual acuity.

PERRLA

Pupils Equal Round Reactive to Light and Accommodation.

accommodation

Eye’s ability to focus on near/far objects; changes with age.

dilated eye exam

Eye examination with pupil dilation to inspect internal structures.

dilating drops

Eye drops used to dilate pupils for exam.

mydriatics

Drugs that dilate the pupil.

pilocarpine

Miotic drop that reduces intraocular pressure by constricting the pupil.

timolol

Beta-blocker eye drop that lowers intraocular pressure.

Timoptic

Brand name for timolol eye drop.

Lucentis

Ranibizumab; anti-VEGF intravitreal injection for AMD/retinopathy.

intravitreal injection

Injection into the vitreous humor to treat retinal disease.

anti-VEGF

Therapy inhibiting VEGF to slow neovascularization.

laser photocoagulation

Laser treatment to seal leaking retinal vessels.

vitrectomy

Surgical removal of the vitreous humor; used for retinal diseases.

retinal detachment

Separation of the retina from underlying tissue; emergency.

curtain

Curtain-like vision loss described in retinal detachment.

veil sensation

Another description of curtain-like vision loss.

flashes

Sudden light flashes seen with retinal detachment.

scleral buckle

Surgical implant placed to reattach detached retina.

postoperative precautions

Instructions after retinal surgery to protect the eye.

upright positioning

Keep head elevated to aid healing and drainage.

eye patch

Eye is covered postoperatively to protect and rest.

avoid bending

Limit bending to prevent pressure changes that could affect healing.

avoid coughing

Avoid coughing to prevent sudden increases in ocular pressure.

avoid heavy lifting

Limit heavy lifting to protect eye from strain.

confrontation test

Vision test to assess peripheral fields using fingers or objects.

visual field

Entire area that can be seen when looking straight ahead.

retinal angiography

Imaging to visualize retinal vessels using dye.

microaneurysm

Small retinal vessel outpouching seen in diabetic retinopathy.

diabetic retinopathy

Diabetes-related retinal vascular changes leading to vision loss.

non-proliferative retinopathy

Early DR with microaneurysms/hemorrhages, no new vessels.

proliferative retinopathy

DR with new vessel growth; higher risk of vision loss.

neovascularization

Formation of new, abnormal retinal vessels.

diabetes control

Tight blood glucose control to slow or prevent retinopathy.

Cifovri

Intravitreal immunotherapy for AMD (injection-based treatment).

Cyphovri

Alternative spelling for intravitreal AMD immunotherapy.

intravitreal injection

Injection into the vitreous to treat retinal disease.

retinal detachment signs

Curtain, floaters, flashes, and sudden vision loss.

bevacizumab

Not specifically named in notes; anti-VEGF used in retinal disease (context).

intraocular pressure monitoring

Measuring IOP as part of glaucoma/retinopathy care.

stye

Acute infection of eyelid gland (hordeolum); warm compress recommended.

chalazion

Chronic eyelid gland inflammation forming a lump; may need drainage.

blepharitis

Inflammation of eyelid margin with crusting.

keratitis

Inflammation of the cornea; can be infectious or inflammatory.

keratoconjunctivitis sicca

Dry eye syndrome; decreased tearing with irritation.

conjunctivitis

Inflammation of the conjunctiva; highly contagious.

Staphylococcus

Common bacteria causing conjunctivitis.

Streptococcus

Bacteria that can cause conjunctivitis.

erythromycin ophthalmic ointment

Ointment antibiotic used for eye infections.

ciprofloxacin ophthalmic solution

Antibiotic eye drops for ocular infections.

warm compress

Warm compresses to relieve eyelid inflammation.

nearsightedness

Another term for myopia.

farsightedness

Another term for hyperopia.

central vision loss

Loss of sharp central vision, common with AMD.

peripheral vision loss

Loss of side vision, often in glaucoma.

corneal reflex

Blink reflex in response to corneal stimulation.

color perception changes

Altered color vision can occur with macular disease.

intraocular lens

Artificial lens implanted during cataract surgery.

pseudophakia

Eye status after placement of an intraocular lens.

postoperative head elevation

Keeping head elevated after cataract or retinal surgery.

postoperative eye patch

Eye covered after surgery to protect healing tissues.

prosthetic eye

Cosmetic artificial eye after enucleation.

enucleation

Removal of the entire eye; followed by prosthesis.

ophthalmic antibiotic ointment

Antibiotic ointment used for ocular surface infections.

ophthalmic antibiotic drops

Antibiotic eye drops for ocular infections.

uv exposure

Ultraviolet exposure risk factor for cataracts and retina.

cataract surgery

Surgical removal of cloudy lens with intraocular lens implantation.

lens implant

Intraocular lens implanted during cataract surgery.

postoperative instructions

Care guidelines after eye surgery (rest, avoid strain, eye protection).

halo perception

Halo around lights, common in glaucoma and after IOP elevation.

central vision testing

Assessing central vision for AMD using Amsler grid or Snellen.

dilation side effects

Post-dilation light sensitivity and blurred vision.

gas/air bubble after retinal surgery

Temporary intraocular gas or air used to help reattach retina (contextual).