fluid + electrolytes

family guy video split screen with a vodka redbull in hand

hyponatremia presentation

seizures

coma

confusion headache lethargy

hypernatremia presentation

fever

restlessness

⬆ bp

edema

⬇ urine, dry mouth

hyperkalemia presentation

muscle cramps

oliguria

⬇ cardiac contractility

peaked T waves

hyperreflexia

hypokalemia presentation

flattened T waves

weak irregular pulse

bradycardia

⬇ GI motility

postural hypotension

hypercalcemia presentation

⬇ muscle contraction

constipation

polyuria

dehydration

bradycardia

hypocalcemia presentation

confusion

trosseau/chvostek sign

palpitations

numbness/tingling

convulsions, arrhythmias, tetany, stridor

hypermagnesemia presentation

muscle relaxation

nausea

⬇ deep tendon reflexes

hypotension, bradycardia

respiratory depression

lethargy, drowsiness, ⬇ LOC

hypomagnesemia presentation

muscle excitation

severe CATS

trousseau/chvostek sign

palpitations

flattened T waves, premature ventricle contractions

hyperphosphatemia presentation

hypocalcemia

muscle twitching, tetany

nervousness, irritability

anorexia nausea vomiting

tachycardia

hypophosphatemia presentation

hyporeflexia

muscle wasting

irritability, confusion, numbness, coma, seizures

decreased contractility