Display Attributes 3.1

What does LCD stand for?

Liquid Crystal Display

Which LCD subtype has the best color and wide viewing angles?

IPS (In-Plane Switching)

Which LCD subtype is best for fast refresh rates and gaming, but has poor color/angles?

TN (Twisted Nematic)

Which LCD panel offers good contrast and deep blacks, slower than TN?

VA (Vertical Alignment)

What’s the main advantage of OLED displays?

Each pixel emits its own light, giving true blacks and high contrast with no backlight.

What’s a key benefit of Mini-LED over traditional LCD?

Smaller LEDs allow better contrast and brightness control.

What is the role of a digitizer?

It converts touch input into digital signals beneath the screen.

What’s the difference between a touchscreen and a digitizer?

The touchscreen detects physical touch; the digitizer converts it into input data.

What is an inverter used for in older LCD displays?

It converts DC power into AC for the display’s backlight.

What does refresh rate measure?

How many times the screen updates per second (measured in Hz).

What does screen resolution refer to?

The number of horizontal and vertical pixels (e.g., 1920x1080).

What is color gamut?

The range of colors a display can produce; wider gamut = more vibrant/accurate colors.

What is pixel density and how is it measured?

Pixel density is measured in pixels per inch (PPI); higher PPI means sharper, more detailed images.

How do you calculate pixel density?

Divide the number of pixels by the physical screen size in inches.

What factors help determine the correct display type?

Image use case, viewing angles, color accuracy, and panel technology (IPS, OLED, etc).

How does image output differ when viewed on screen vs printed?

Print relies on DPI and color profile; screen uses RGB and pixel resolution—color accuracy may vary.

What is FPS (frames per second)?

The number of full frames rendered/displayed each second; impacts motion smoothness.

How is FPS related to refresh rate (Hz)?

Higher Hz allows higher FPS, but FPS must also be supported by hardware and software.

What FPS is typically used for movies?

24 FPS

What FPS is ideal for smooth gaming or high-speed content?

60 FPS or higher (e.g., 120/144 FPS)

Why are high refresh rates important for fast-moving video or gaming?

They reduce motion blur, improve responsiveness, and create smoother visuals.

What role does the video card play in refresh rate support?

It must support the desired refresh rate and resolution combination through its output ports.

How does connection type affect display quality and refresh rate?

Some connections (like HDMI 2.1 or DisplayPort) support higher resolutions and refresh rates than others.

Why must adapter cards be checked when choosing display refresh rate?

Not all adapters support high refresh rates or resolutions—check compatibility.

What does screen resolution measure?

Total pixel dimensions of the screen: width × height (e.g., 1920×1080).

Does a higher screen resolution always mean better output?

Not always—it depends on screen size, use case, and GPU capability.

Why do resolutions vary across different displays?

Display size, intended use, and panel capability all impact native resolution.

What is aspect ratio?

The ratio between screen width and height (e.g., 16:9, 21:9).

What are some examples of common resolutions and types?

HD (1280x720), Full HD (1920x1080), Quad HD (2560x1440), 4K UHD (3840x2160)

What determines a display's color gamut?

The panel type and backlight used, especially in displays for graphics or video editing.

What is CIE 1931 color space?

A standard that defines the full range of visible colors the human eye can perceive.

What is sRGB?

A standard color space used in most consumer monitors; covers about 35% of visible colors.

How does Adobe RGB differ from sRGB?

Adobe RGB covers more of the green spectrum and is used in professional photo editing.

What are ITU color standards?

Standards like Rec.709 and Rec.2020 used in video and broadcast to define expected color ranges.

Where can you find a display's color gamut info?

In the monitor’s technical specifications—usually listed as a percentage of a standard (like 99% sRGB).

Why does color gamut compatibility vary between displays?

Different displays are built with different panels and backlights, affecting how much of a standard they can reproduce.

Which display technology typically offers the best color gamut compatibility?

OLED displays offer the most complete color reproduction and highest compatibility with wide color spaces.