Exam 2 - Music History Notes, Destribois

Who wrote Cum statua/ Hugo, Hugo/ Magister invidie?

Philippe de Vitry

when was cum statua/ hugo, hugo/ magister invidie written?

1320/14th Century

What is the form of cum statua/ hugo, hugo/ magister invidie?

Isorhythmic Motet (3 motets)

What artistic movement was cum statua/ hugo, hugo / magister invidie part of?

Ars Nova

What is the subject matter of cum statua/ hugo, hugo / magister invidie?

Secular, critisizing the church

What duration did Ars Nova add?

The minim

What does a mensuration sign with a half circle and a dot mean?

Imperfect time, major prolation

What does a mensuration sign with a full circle and a dot mean?

Perfect time, major prolation

What does a mensuration sign with a half circle and no dot mean?

Imperfect time, minor prolation

What does a mensuration sign with a full circle and no dot mean?

Perfect time, minor prolation

What is perfect versus imperfect time?

Perfect = divided into three semibreves; imperfect = divided into two semibreves

What is major versus minor prolation?

Major = each semibreve is divided into three minims; Minor = each semibreve is divided into two minims

What is an isorhythmic motet?

equal rhythm, repetition of rhythm and melodies in the tenor

What are characteristics of the Ars Nova movement?

Far greater rhythmic flexibility (syncopations!)

Whatever can be sung can be written down; a treatise by Philippe de Vitry that outlines a new system of rhythmic notation, ca. 1320. By extension, the name given to that notational system. Also, the name given to 14th-century French music.

What is Talea?

Repetition of rhythms

What is color?

Repetition of melodies

How many Talea and Color does Cum statua/Hugo, Hugo/ magister invidie have?

3 color, 9 talea

Is Cum statua / hugo, hugo/ magister invidie improvised or composed?

Composed

What is music ficta?

the addition of accidentals in performance, usually not notated in the score.

What is music recta?

the music notated in the score.

What is significant about the score for Cum statua/ hugo, hugo/ magister invidie?

It has three lines, the bottom line is pretty stationary, it has roman numerals to notate the talea

Who wrote Rose, Liz, Pretemps, Verdure?

Guillaume de Machaut

When was Rose, Liz, Pretemps, Verdue written?

mid 14th century

What is the form of Rose, Liz, Pretemps, Verdue?

Rondeau

What letters make up a Rondeau?

AB aAab AB

What is formes fixes?

- important musical/poetic forms of secular chansons in the Ars nova. They all involve a stanza (aab) and a refrain, but are distinguished by how the stanza and refrain relate to each other. The three forms fixes are the ballade, the rondeau and the virelai, with the following forms:

Rondeau - AbaAabAB

Ballade - aabC

Virelai - A bba A bba A bba A

What artistic movement was Rose, Liz, Pretemps, Verdure part of?

Ars Nova

What is the subject matter of Rose, Liz, Pretemps, Verdure?

Love

What are some characteristics of Rose, Liz, Pretemps, Verdure?

treble dominated, long melismas at the beginning of lines, triplum and cantus are most accented

In Formes Fixes, which are the refrain?

Capital Letters

Which two parts of Rose, Liz, Pretemps, Verdure were written as a pair?

The cantus and the tenor (the contra tenor was added in later)

In Rose, Liz, Pretemps, Verdue, is the texture stratified or equal voice?

Stratified

What is equal voice texture?

texture in which all parts move with roughly similar note values

What is stratified texture?

texture in which the lower part moves with slow note values and the upper parts move with faster note values (texture typical of the medieval period)

What is significant about the score for Rose, Liz, Pretemps, Verdure?

Lots of melismas (usually on an AH vowel), in french, 4 lines, lots of brackets

What artistic movement came after Ars Nova?

Ars Subtilior

What are characteristics of the Ars Subtilior style?

the "more subtle" art. At the end of the 14th century, an exaggeration of the rhythmic complexity made possible by ars nova notational systems. Complex cross-rhythms, meter changes, partial mensuration signs, different mensurations in each voice. CRAZY RHYTHMS, weird shaped scores (like hearts and stuff)

Who wrote En Remirant Vo Douce Pourtraiture?

Philippus de Caserta

When was En Remirant Vo Douce Pourtraiture written?

1370

What is the form of En Remirant Vo Douce Pourtraiture?

Ballade

What are the letters (formes fixes) for a ballade?

aabC aabC aabC

What artistic movement is En Remirant Vo Douce Pourtraiture a part of?

Ars subtilior

What is the subject matter of En Remirant Vo Douce Pourtraiture?

love

What is significant about the text/stanzas for En Remirant Vo Douce Pourtraiture?

3 stanzas set to the same music

What is significant about the score for En Remirant Vo Douce Pourtraiture?

Verses, 3 parts, the recording has a flute and a weird lute thing, melismas

What is the new definition of a motet that we get in the Renaissance/ 15th century?

Renaissance motet can be any polyphonic setting of a Latin text other than mass (sacred) - a capella voices, same text in all parts.

Who wrote Quam Pulchra Es?

John Dunstable

When was Quam pulchra es written?

First half of the 15th century

What is the form of Quam pulchra es?

Motet (latin, sacred, a capella)

Who was the most imporant composer of the 15th century?

John Dunstable

What is Dunstable's nationality?

He is English, but spent a lot of time in France

Does Quam pulchra es have stratified or equal voice texture?

Equal Voice Texture

What type of texture (stratified or equal voice) is associated with French music?

Stratified

What type of texture (stratified or equal voice) is associated with English music?

Equal Voice

What English influences do we see in Quam pulchra es?

Preference for imperfect consonances (3rd and 6th)

Relative equality of voices

Strong tonal centers

What characteristics are present in the score of Quam Pulchra Es?

3 lines, latin, equal voice, fermatas

What song is the best example of the "sweet English sound"?

Faburden's Alleluia

What is Countenance Angloise?

a term referring to the gradual acceptance of thirds and sixths as

consonances, thanks to their proliferation in English polyphony.

Who wrote De plus en plus?

Gilles Binchois

When was De plus en plus composed?

1425

What form is De plus en plus?

Ballade

What is the subject matter of de plus en plus?

Love

Is de plus en plus equal voice or stratified texture?

A mixture of both

Is de plus en plus mostly english or french influenced?

A mixture of both:

French: hemiolas, syncopations

English: 3rd and 6ths, equal voice

Score characteristics for De Plus en Plus

3 parts, french, only top line has text, very syncopated

Who wrote Resvellies Vous

Guillaume du fay

When was Resvellies vous composed?

1423

What is the form of resvellies vous?

Ballade (aabC)

Is Resvellies Vous stratified or equal voice?

A mix of both

What artistic style is resvellies vous?

A mix of both Ars Nova and Ars Subtilior

True or false: Resvellies vous features imitation

True

What is imitation?

repeating a melody announced in one part in another or multiple parts.

What is a point of imitation?

Passage in a polyphonic work in which each parts enters successively in imitation

Who served the Duchy of Burgundy?

Binchois and Guillame du fay

Who were the Duchy of Burgundy?

Dukes of Burgundy were vassals of the King of France, but almost equaled the king in power and influence. They owned vast territories and employed many court musicians/composers. As a result, most leading composers of the early renaissance are from this area.

Score characteristics of Resvellies vous?

3 part, french, sounds like a cello or something in the recording, lots of sycnopated melismas, points of imitation

Who wrote Se la face ay pale?

Guillaume Du Fay

When was Se la face ay pale written?

1453

What is the form of se la face ay pale?

A ballade, but not aabC, it's actually free-form

How was se la face ay pale forward looking?

full triads and imitation

Is se la face ay pale more french or english influence?

Mix of both

Score characteristics for se la face ay pale?

3 part, french, equal voice

What are the different types of polyphonic masses?

Cantus firmus, paraphrase, or free mass

Who wrote Missa se la face ay pale: Gloria?

Guillaume du fay

when was missa se la face ay pale: gloria written?

1453

What type of mass is missa se la face ay pale: gloria?

Canuts firmus mass

What is a cantus firmus mass?

based on a single melody/chant - uses that melody as cantus firmus in the tenor - the same cantus firmus is used in each movement

The tenor is heard at various speeds in Missa se la face ay pale. What are the durations?

Tripled, doubled, then normal

What is the form of missa se la face ay pale: gloria?

Words dictate the form

Score characteristics of missa se la face ay pale: gloria?

starts with chant, et in terra pax, 4 part, bottom line is mostly rests or has weird lines going up,

Who wrote Ave Maria?

Josquin Desprez

When was Ave Maria written?

1480-85

What is the form of Ave Maria?

Motet (sacred, latin, one-text, a capella)

Ave maria has paraphrasing of the origional chant. What does this mean?

adding notes to the song instead of quoting exactly, but keeping the basic melodic line

Score characteristics of Ave Maria?

4 parts, looks like SATB, says Ave all the time, points of imitation

Who wrote Missa Pange Lingua: Kyrie and part of Credo

Josquin Desprez

When was Missa pange lingua written?

1515

What is the form of Missa Pange Lingua?

Paraphrase Mass

What is a paraphrase mass?

based on a single melody/chant - takes that melody and uses it to inform all voices of a polyphonic mass setting, often in points of imitation. Original melody is paraphrased in all the parts.

How many phrases did the origional hymn Pange lingua have?

6 (translated into Kyrie 1, Christe, Kyrie 2)