Consequences of Industrialization C. 1750 - 1900

Flashcards about the Consequences of Industrialization unit in AP World History

A range of cultural, religious, and racial ideologies were used to justify __, including Social Darwinism, nationalism, the concept of the civilizing mission, and the desire to religiously convert indigenous populations.

imperialism

Some states with existing colonies __ their control over those colonies and in some cases assumed direct control over colonies previously held by non-state entities.

strengthened

The shift from the private ownership of the Congo by King Leopold II to the __ government is an example of non-state to state colonial control.

Belgium

European states as well as the United States and Japan acquired territories throughout __ and the Pacific, while Spanish and Portuguese influence declined.

Asia

__ states that expanded empires in Africa include Britain in West Africa, Belgium in the Congo and the French in West Africa.

European

Many European states used both __ and diplomacy to expand their empires in Africa.

warfare

Europeans established __ colonies in some parts of their empires such as New Zealand.

settler

The United States, Russia, and Japan expanded their land holdings by __ and settling neighboring territories.

conquering

Increasing questions about political authority and growing __ contributed to anticolonial movements.

nationalism

__ resistance took various forms, including direct resistance within empires and the creation of new states on the peripheries.

Anti-imperial

Túpac Amaru II’s rebellion in Peru, Samory Touré’s military battles in West Africa, Yaa Asantewaa War in West Africa and the 1857 rebellion in India are examples of __ resistance

direct

The establishment of independent states in the Balkans, Sokoto Caliphate in modern-day Nigeria, Cherokee Nation and Zulu Kingdom are examples of __.

new states

Increasing discontent with imperial rule led to __ some of which were influenced by religious ideas.

rebellions

The Ghost Dance in the U.S., Xhosa Cattle-Killing Movement in Southern Africa and the Mahdist wars in Sudan are examples of __.

rebellions

The need for __ materials for factories and increased food supplies for the growing population in urban centers led to the growth of export economies around the world.

raw

__ from these raw materials were used to purchase finished goods.

Profits

Cotton production in Egypt, Rubber extraction in the Amazon and the Congo basin, The palm oil trade in West Africa, The guano industries in Peru and Chile, Meat from Argentina and Uruguay and Diamonds from Africa are examples of __.

resource export economies

Industrialized states and businesses within those states practiced __ imperialism primarily in Asia and Latin America.

economic

Britain and France expanding their influence in China through the __ Wars and the construction of the Port of Buenos Aires with the support of British firms are examples of industrialized states practicing economic imperialism.

Opium

Trade in some __ was organized in a way that gave merchants and companies based in Europe and the U.S. a distinct economic advantage.

commodities

Cotton grown in South Asia and Egypt and exported to Great Britain and other European countries, Opium produced in the Middle East or South Asia and exported to China, Palm oil produced in sub-Saharan Africa and exported to European countries and Copper extracted in Chile are examples of __ that contributed to European and American economic advantage.

commodities

Migration in many cases was influenced by changes in __ in both industrialized and unindustrialized societies that presented challenges to existing patterns of living.

demographics

Because of the nature of new modes of __, both internal and external migrants increasingly relocated to cities. This pattern contributed to the significant global urbanization of the 19th century.

transportation

The new methods of transportation also allowed for many __ to return, periodically or permanently, to their home societies.

migrants

Japanese agricultural workers in the Pacific, Lebanese merchants in the Americas and Italian industrial workers in Argentina are examples of the __ of migrants.

return

The new global __ economy continued to rely on coerced and semi-coerced labor migration, including slavery, Chinese and Indian indentured servitude, and convict labor.

capitalist

__ tended to be male, leaving women to take on new roles in the home society that had been formerly occupied by men.

Migrants

__ often created ethnic enclaves in different parts of the world that helped transplant their culture into new environments.

Migrants

Chinese in Southeast Asia, the Caribbean, South America, and North America, Indians in East and Southern Africa, the Caribbean, and Southeast Asia, Irish in North America and Italians in North and South America are examples of migrant __.

ethnic enclaves

Receiving societies did not always embrace immigrants, as seen in the various degrees of ethnic and racial prejudice and the ways states attempted to __ the increased flow of people across their borders.

regulate

Chinese Exclusion Act and White Australia policy are examples of __ of immigrants.

regulation

The development of industrial __ led to increased standards of living for some, and to continued improvement in manufacturing methods that increased the availability, affordability, and variety of consumer goods.

capitalism

As states industrialized, they also expanded existing overseas __ and established new colonies and transoceanic relationships.

empires

As a result of the emergence of transoceanic empires and a global capitalist economy, __ patterns changed dramatically, and the numbers of migrants increased significantly

migration