AP Exam 3

Innate Immunity

1. Phagocytes

2. Mucous

3. Epithelial barriers (mucous membranes)

4. Skin

5. Chemical Secretions

6. Complement

Adaptive Immunity

1. T Lymphocytes

2. B Lymphocytes

3. Immunoglobulins

4. Memory cells

The largest of the Immunoglobulins is: 

IgM

The Immunoglobulin that binds allergens and parasites preferentially: 

IgE

"Cell-Mediated" Immunity is controlled by: 

T-Cells

B-lymphocytes, when stimulated by the presence of a specific antigen: 

Differentiate into plasma cells

Which of the following would be an example of passive immunity?

Antibodies received from colostrum

The type of antibody that is more prevalent in mucosal surfaces such as the intestinal tract and lungs is: 

IgA

Broad sheets of fibrous tissues that attach muscle to bone or to other muscles, such as the linea alba, are called: 

Aponeuroses

With respect to muscle attachment sites, the site that undergoes the most movement when a muscle contracts is called the: 

Insertion

Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs in the: 

Capillaries

The major pacemaker of the heart is the: 

Sinoatrial node

The blood vessels carrying oxygenated blood to the heart itself are called:

Coronary arteries

With respect to cardiac output, the volume of blood received from the atrium is known as: 

Preload

The outermost layer of the wall of the heart is called the: 

epicardium

Systole is defined as: 

Myocardial contraction

In the fetus, oxygenated blood is provided via: 

the umbilical vein

When assessing vital signs, what does the abbreviation MAP stand for? 

mean arterial pressure

The QRS complex of an ECG tracing represents: 

Ventricular depolarization/contraction

What are the names of the fetal cardiovascular structures that CLOSE around the time of birth? 

1. ductus arteriosis

2. foramen ovale

What information does a doppler measurement of blood pressure give us? 

systolic blood pressure

Ultrasound evaluation of the heart structure and function is called:

an echocardiogram

The P wave of an ECG tracing represents: 

Atrial depolarization/contraction

Systole is defined as: 

Myocardial contraction