Skin disorders and diseases

Acne

A skin disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the sebaceous glands from retained secretions and bacteria known as propionibacterium acnes

Scientific Terminology

Albinism

Congenital hypopigmentation, or absence of melanin pigment of the body

Allergic contact dermatitis

ACD ; and allergy to an ingredient or chemical, usually caused by repeated skin contact with the chemical

Anaerobic

Cannot survive in the presence of oxygen

Anihidrosis

Deficiency in perspiration or the inability to sweat, often a result of damage to automatic nerves

Basal cell carcinoma

Most common and least severe type of skin cancer; light or pearly nodules

Bromhidrosis

Foul-smelling perspiration, usually noticeable in the armpits or on the feet, which is generally caused by bacteria

Bulla

A large blister containing watery fluid; similar to a vesicle but larger

Chloasma

Condition characterized by typically brown hyperpigmentation, generally on the face, which is not elevated

Cicatrix

Lightly raised mark on the skin formed after a injury or lesion of the skin has healed

Conjunctivitis

“Pinkeye” infection(s) of the eyes that may be caused by a bacteria or a virus; generally extremely contagious

Contact dermatitis

A inflammation of the skin caused by having contact with certain chemicals or substances; many of these substances used in cosmetology

Crust

Dead cells that form over a wound or blemish while it is healing; accumulation of sebum and pus sometimes mixed with the epidermal

Cyst

Closed, abnormally developed sac that contains fluid, pus, semifluid, or morbid matter above or below the skin

Dermatitis

Inflammatory condition of the skin

Dysochromias

Abnormal colorations of the skin that accompany skin disorders and are symptoms of many systemic disorders

Eczema

An inflammatory, uncomfortable, and often chronic disease of the skin; characterized by moderate to severe inflammation, scaling, and sometimes severe itching

Excoriation

Skin sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping

Extrinsic factors

Primarily environmental factors that contribute to aging and the appearance of aging

Fissure

A crack in the skin that penetrates the dermis. Examples are severely cracked and/ or chapped hands or lips

Free radicals

Unstable molecules that cause biochemical aging, especially wrinkling and sagging of the skin

Herpes simplex l

Recurring viral infection that often presents as a fever blister or cold sore

Hyperhidrosis

Excessive sweating, caused by heat or general body weakness

Hyperpigmentation

Darker than normal pigmentation, appearing as dark splotches

Hypertrophy

Abnormal growth of skin

Hypopigmentation

Absence of pigment, resulting in light of whit splotches

Impetigo

Contagious bacterial skin infection characterized by weeping lesions; usually caused by staphylococcus bacteria

Intrinsic factors

Skin-aging factors over which we have little control

Irritant contact dermatitis

“ICD” occurs when irritating substances temporarily damage the epidermis

Keloid

Thick scar resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissue

Keratoma

Acquired, superficial, thickened patches of epidermis. A callus is a keratoma caused by continued, repeated, pressure or friction on any part of the skin, especially the hands and feet

Lentigines

Technical term for freckles

Yellow-brown spots on the skin exposed to air

Lesion

A mark on the skin; may indicate and injury or damage that changes the structure of tissues or organs

Leukoderma

Skin disorder characterized by light, abnormal patches (hypopigmentation)

Macule

Flat spot or discoloration on the skin, such as a freckle or a red spot left after a pimple has healed

Malignant melanoma

Most serious form of skin cancer; black or dark brown patches on the skin that may appear uneven in texture, jagged, or raised

Milia

Benign , keratin filled cysts that can appear just under the epidermis and have no visible opening

Miliaria rubra

“prickly heat” a acute inflammatory disorder of the sweat glands, characterized by the eruption of small, red vesicles accompanied by burning, itching, skin

Mole

Small brownish spot or blemish on the skin, ranging in color from pale tan to brown or bluish black

Nevus

“Birthmark” a small or large malformation of the skin due to abnormal pigmentation or dilated capillaries

Nodule

A solid bump larger than 0.4 inches (1cm) that can easily be felt

Noncomedogenic

Product that has been designed and proven not to clog the follicles

Primary lesions

Lesions that are a different color than the color of the skin, and or lesions that are raised above the surface of the skin

Psoriasis

Skin disease characterized by red patches covered with silver-white scales

Retention hyperkeratosis

The hereditary tendency for acne prone skin to retain dead cells in the follicle, forming a obstruction that clogs the follicle

Rosacea

Chronic condition that appears primarily on the cheeks and nose, and is characterized by flushing (redness), telangiectasis

Scale

Any thin, dry, or oily plate of epidermal flakes.

Ex : excessive dandruff

Scar

“Cicatrix” a lightly raised mark on the skin formed after and injury or lesion of the skin has healed

Sebaceous cyst

A large, protruding pocket-like lesion filled with sebum.

Seen on the scalp and back may be surgically removed by a dermatologist

Seborrheic dermatitis

Skin condition caused by an inflammation of the sebaceous glands.

Characterized by redness, dry or oily scaling, and or itchiness

Secondary skin lesions

Characterized by piles of material on the skin surface

Sensitization

Allergic reaction created by repeated exposure to a chemical or substance

Skin tag

A small brown colored or flesh colored outgrowth of the skin

Squamous cell carcinoma

Type of skin cancer more serious than basal cell carcinoma often characterized by scaly red papules or dodules

Stain

Abnormal brown colored or wine colored skin discoloration with a circular and or irregular shape

Tan

Change in pigmentation of the skin caused by exposure to the sun or ultraviolet light

Telangiectasis

Distend or dilated surface blood vessels

Tubercle

Abnormal rounded solid lump above within or under the skin larger than a papule

Tumor

A abnormal mass varying in size shape and color

Ulcer

Open lesion on the skin or mucous membrane of the body; accompanied by pus and loss of skin depth and possibly weeping fluids or pus

Verruca

“Wart” hypertrophy of the papillae and epidermis

Vesicle

Small blister or sac containing clear fluid, lying within or just beneath the epidermis

Vitiligo

Hereditary condition that causes hypo pigmented spots and splotches on the skin that often appear milky white

Wheal

Itchy, swollen lesion that lasts only a few hours; caused by a blow or scratch, the bite of and insect urticaria (skin allergy), or the sting of a nettle