HSC 214 - Skull

Lacrimal Bones

Paired, thin, teardrop sized bones lateral to the nasal bones. Creates the Ant/Med. wall of the eye socket and lat. wall of the nasal cavity

Vomer

Thin, plow shaped bone that forms the posterior and inferior part of the nasal system

Zygomatic bones

forms upper face and lower part of the eye socket, “Cheek Bones”

Temporal process of the ZB

forms the front part of the zygomatic arch or the “cheek bones”

Zygomatic Arch

bone that goes all the way from the temporal to the zygomatic bone. formed by both processes

Mandible

Lower jaw bone

Body of Mandible

U shaped part of the mandible, “Jaw line”

Ramus of Mandible

Vertical part of the mandible

Angle of the mandible

junction of the body and ramus

Condylar Process

posterior, blunt projection of the ramus, forms the TM joint

Coronoid process

anterior, pointed projection of the ramus, aids in chewing

Alveolar process of mandible

Bumpy projections of where the teeth are held

Mandibular foramen

hole on the medial surface of the ramus, site for novocain injection

Mental foramen

hole on the anterior surface of the body, where nerve and blood vessels exit

Hyoid

Small suspended u-shaped bone of the anterior neck, only bone that is not articulated in the neck

Frontal sinuses

spaces within frontal bone

Maxillary Sinuses

Spaces lateral to nasal cavity, largest sinus

Ethmoidal Sinus

small, multiple spaces within the ethmoid bone, between the eye

Sphenoidal sinuses

kidney bean shaped space in the back of the nose

anterior fontanel

midline soft spot between the frontal and parietal bones, diamond shaped

Posterior Fontanel

soft spot between the parietal and occipital bones,

Anterolateral fontanel

soft spot between the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital bones, inferior to the A. fontanel and on the lateral surface of the skull

Posterolateral fontanel

soft spots between the parietal, temporal, and occipital bones

Frontal Bone

bone forming forehead

supraorbital foramen (notch)

small space directly above the eye

Coronal Suture

joint between frontal and parietal bones

Parietal Bones

paired bones forming the lateral sides of the cranium

Sagittal Suture

Midline joint between parietal bones

Lambdoid suture

joint between parietal and occipital bones

Occipital bone

bone forming the back and base of cranium

Foramen magnum

largest, round space in the base of the skull

Hypoglossal Canal

spaces nearest foramen magnum from a superior view

occipital condyles

paired, oval process on the base of the skull adjacent to the foramen magnum

Squamous suture

joint between temporal and parietal bones

temporal bones

paired bones that form lateral and inferior portions of the cranium

mastoid process

smooth rounded projection pointing inferiorly

external auditory/acoustic meatus

space most lat. that forms a passageway to inside the cranium as your external ear canal

Internal auditory/acoustic meatus

canal connecting the posterior cranial fossa to the inner ear cavity

Mandibular (glenoid) fossa

depression inferior and posterior to the zygomatic process, articulates with condylar process

Zygomatic process of the temporal bone

projection extending anterior to form the posterior aspect of the zygomatic arch, posterior part of “cheek bones”

Styloid process

Thin, pointed process projecting downward

Carotid canal

narrow, irregular shaped space found from an inferior view only

jugular foramen

“kidney bean” shaped space located posterior to the carotid canal

Foramen laceram

medial, irregularly shaped space formed by the sphenoid, temporal, and occipital bones

Pterion

H-shaped formation of sutures that unites the frontal, parietal, sphenoid (greater wing), and temporal bones

Sphenoid bone

bone forming middle and base of cranium

Greater wings of sphenoid bones

anterolateral base of cranium from a superior view

Lesser wings of sphenoid bones

thin ridge of bone superior to greater wings from superior view

superior orbital fissure

oblique narrow opening between the greater and lesser wings of the sphenoid bone

Sella turcica

saddle shaped depression between greater wings from a superior view

optic foramen

round space at medial end of the lesser wings and anterior to sella turcica

Foramen rotundum

anterior, round shaped space of the greater wings

foramen ovale

middle, oval shaped space of the greater wings

foramen spinous

posterior, smallest space of the greater wings

Ethmoid bone

small, porous bone separating the cranium from nasal cavity

Crista Galli

triangular process projecting superiorly from the cribriform plate

Cribriform plate

horizontal, depressed bony plate on either side of the crista galli

Olfactory foramina

microscopic spaces within the cribriform plate

Perpendicular plate of ethmoid

thin, vertical projection of bone in the nose forming the top part of the septum

Superior nasal conchae

small, scroll shaped projection on the lateral walls of the nose (superior)

Middle nasal conchae

small, scroll shaped projection on the lateral walls of the nose (middle)

Inferior nasal conchae

small, scroll shaped projection on the lateral walls of the nose (inferior)

Maxillae

paired upper jaw bones

Alveolar process of maxillae

bumpy, ridge like projections where the teeth are held

palatine process

horizontal process forming the anterior 3 quarters of the hard palate and floor of the nose

Incisive foramen

midline space in the palatine process posterior to incisor teeth

Palatine bones

paired, horizontal bones forming the posterior part of the hard palate

nasal bones

small, anterior paired bones that form the roof of the nose