Physical Education part 1

Physical education

It is a way/process of learning through physical activities such as sports, games, and exercises.

Games

Events played with rules set by players

Sports

Events played with a set of rules and run by officials.

Individual sports

Are events played with a specific target

Dual sports

Are events played with opposite opponents with a minimum of 1 and a maximum of 3 players on each side.

Team sports

Are events played with a minimum of 5 players and a maximum of 12 per team inside the playing area.

Physical fitness

It is the capability that should be treated with extreme care for one to lead a normal life; It is the quality of a person’s body’s responses to life’s demand; it is the capacity of each individual to accomplish daily tasks with alertness and vigor; it is the ability to carry out daily tasks with alertness without undue fatigue and with ample energy to enjoy leisure time and to meet unforseen emergencies.

Dilegence and Dicipline

Should be utilizing a well-organized program implemented with…

Heart

Is made up of cardiovascular muscles that get strong through exercise; exercise for this should be well-planned.

Personal Maximal Heart Rate (PMHR)

Is determined by deducting the age of the individual from the highest heart rate.

220 bpm (beats per minute)

The fastest heart rate

Training heart rate (THR)

It is the number of heartbeats after the exercise.

Fitness goal

It is a goal to improve physical fitness level.

FITT Principle/Program

It is a designed to incorporate the principles of physical activity into a personal fitness plan.

Frequency

How often will be the exercise?

Intensity

How hard is the workout?

Time

How long is the workout?

Type

What type of exercise is to be done?

Health related components

Those factor related to how well the system of your body works.

Body composition

It is the relationship between fat tissue and lean body tissue such as muscle, bone, blood, skin, and organs. It refers to the relative percentage of lean body mass and body fat; It is the percentage of body weight of fat, muscle, or bone.

Caliper/s

A measuring tool for body composition, a specialized scale.

Ectomorph

They are often below the average weight for the height and have skinny appearance.

Mesomorph

It has a larger frame (bone structure) as the endomorph does, but a low body fat percentage as the ectomorph, but a low body fat percentage as the ectomorph has. It is the aspiring body type that everyone wants.

Endomorph

Is the complete opposite of an ectomorph. This individual will usually be larger in appearance with heavier fat accumulation and little muscle definition. Has a body nearly globular as humanly possible.

Cardio-(vascular) respiratory Endurance

It is the ability of the heart, blood vessels, and the lungs to deliver essential oxygen to the working muscles and to remove waste materials from the body; The body’s ability to continuously take in and process the amount of oxygen that is needed for a demanding task for a long period.

Flexibility

It is the ability of the joints to move throughout the full range of motion; It is the capacity of the muscles and the joints to move in a wider range of motion including stretching, flexing, rotating, and bending.

Ball and Socket joint

A joint in which a ball moves within a socket so as to allow rotary motion in every direction within certain limits.

Hinge joint

Isa bone joint in which the articular surfaces are molded to each other in such manner as to permit motion only in one place.

Muscular Endurance

It is the ability of a muscle or muscle group to exert repeated muscular contractions against a resistance for an extended period of time.

Isotonic contraction

Occur when muscles change length during a contraction.

Isometric contractions

Occur when muscles do not change length during a contraction.

Strength

It is the ability of a muscle or muscle group to exert one maximal force against a resistance; strength of the different parts of the body like hands, arms, legs, trunks, and muscles.

Dynamic

strengthis the component found in repeated muscle contraction.

Explosive strength

Is apparent in those activities requiring movement, speed, and sudden changes in direction.

Static strength

It requires little muscle shortening and is necessary in overcoming a heavy resistance.

Skill-related components

Those aspects of fitness that form the basis for successful sport or activity participation.

Agility

It is the ability to change position or direction with quickness and lightness of movement; it is the capability to move swiftly and change direction of movement including pivoting, flanking, turning, moving up or down.

Balance

Is the ability to control organic equipment neuromuscular; it is a state of equilibrium; it is the ability to stabilize bodily movements that make the body firm and maintain good poise

Dynamic

This is maintaining balance while moving or engaging in action.

Rotational

This is the ability to maintain or regain balance after turning, rooling, or other maneuvers while in contact with the floor or apparatus.

Static

This is the ability to maintain equilibrium in a fixed position.

Coordination

It refers to the harmonious functioning of muscles in producing complex movements; it is the capability to contribute to the easy correct movements of the body parts; it refers to the capacity of the body to use all the senses and its parts together to produce smooth and execute movements efficiently.

Power

It refers to the muscular power which is the ability to release maximum force in the shortest possible time; it is the combination of speed and strength usually applied to an explosive movement.

Speed

The ability to move quickly from one point to another in the shortest possible time; this is the capacity if the body to cover or move in a certain distance for a short period of time.

Reaction time

It refers to the interval of time between the signal to respond and the beginning of the response; this is the capacity to respond quickly to stimulus.