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How does many alveoli improve efficiency of gas exchange
It increases surface area across which oxygen and carbon dioxide can diffuse
How does a thin epithelium of the alveoli improve efficiency of gas exchange
The shorter diffusion distance allows O2 and CO2 to diffuse quicker
How does lots of capillaries over the alveoli surface improve the efficiency of gas exchange
By providing a transport system for supply and removal of CO2 and O2 from the alveoli
How does the lungs being surrounded by the diaphragm and intercostal muscles improve efficiency of gas exchange
By allowing the lungs to supply O2 and remove CO2
Why do earthworms have gas exchange on their surface
Due to their large SA:Vol ratio, moist habitat and closed circulatory system with blood pigment
Why do flatworms have no transport system
Because they have a very short diffusion distance
Why might small insects need a gas exchange system
As they have a high demand for energy due to their large movement
How do insects respiratory system bring oxygen to cells
Without lungs, directly through a series of tubes
Why do spiracles open and close
To prevent water loss while allowing air to enter
What 3 things does delivery of oxygen rely on to maximise diffusion
Cells using O2 and pumping abdomen to ventilate tracheal system to maintain a concentration gradient, metabolites reducing water potential of cells, allowing water to leave via osmosis, increase SA
How does water leave tracheal via osmosis
By other metabolic reactions increase solute amounts
Why is water leaving tracheole import for respiration
Note 
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