States of Matter

What is matter?

Anything with mass and volume.

Gas volume equals?

Container volume.

Convert °C → K

K = °C + 273.15

Common pressure units?

atm, mmHg, torr, Pa, psi.

Formula for moles?

n = mass ÷ molar mass

3 key ideas of KMT?

Far apart, constant motion, elastic collisions.

Boyle’s Law: relationship?

If V decreases → P increases. Formula: P₁V₁ = P₂V₂

Charles’ Law: relationship?

If T doubles → V doubles

Pressure constant. Formula: V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂

Gay-Lussac’s Law: relationship?

• If T increases → P increases

• Volume constant. Formula: P₁/T₁ = P₂/T₂

Avogadro’s Law: relationship?

• More moles = more volume (direct)

• T and P constant. Formula: V₁/n₁ = V₂/n₂

Volume of 1 mol gas at STP?

22.4 L

Ideal Gas Law formula?

PV = nRT, R = 0.0821 L·atm/mol·K

When to convert to Kelvin?

ALWAYS in gas laws.

What causes gas pressure?

Collisions of particles with container walls.