SOCI 101 Exam Extra Flashcards

What is an example of a deliberate short term media effect?

advertising

What is a short term unintended consequences media effect example?

teens play video games and act violently

What is a deliberate long term media effect?

PSA annoucements

What is an unintended long term media effect example?

desensitization to media violence

What is symbolic interactionalism

the way that roles, ideas, values, and concepts are socially constructed; meanings are a product of social interaction in society

What is ethnomethodology?

study of social interaction

What is functionalism?

the best way to analyze society is to identify the roles that different groups, institutions, and other social phenomena play

What are the 3 types of norms?

Folkways, mores, and laws

What are social facts?

external pressures/constraints that influence life

What are the 3 types of social facts?

structural, institutionalized, non-institution

What is an institutionalized social fact?

constraints of institutions (law, economy, religion)

What is a structural social fact?

constraints of nature (population issues, territorial boundaries, relationship to nature)

What is a non-institutional social fact?

informal social pressures (trends. fads)

Who is Emile Durkheim?

said the division of labor determines the way social cohesion is maintained among people; coined the term “anomie” which is normlessness from drastic living changes; also coined “positivist sociology” which proposes that social world can be described and predicted by observable relationships

Who is W.E.B. Du Bois?

coined “double consciousness” which is AA’s maintaining 2 separate behavioral scripts

Who was Harriet Martineau?

earliest feminist social scientists; analyzed institution of marriage which relied on women being inferior;

Who was Comte?

history goes through 3 stages to understand morality; theological stage (society structures exist bc of divine will), metaphysical (human behavior is governed by biological instincts), scientific stage (social physics to find scientific laws that determines human behavior)

Who was Karl Marx?

Who had this idea: conflict between economic classes causes historical and social change

Who was Max Weber?

coined “Verstehen” which means understanding research subjects from their point of view; “interpretive sociology” is the study of social meaning

Who was Jane Addams?

founder of the Hull House to give university ideas to the poor

conflict theory

the idea that conflict between competing interests is the basic, animating force of social change and society in general.

postmodernism

a condition characterized by the questioning of the notion of progress and history, the replacement of narrative with pastiche (i.e., a collage of existing ideas) or imitation of other work in the service of satire or subversion, and multiple, perhaps even conflicting, identities resulting from unconnected affiliations.

postmodernism

a condition characterized by the questioning of the notion of progress and history, the replacement of narrative with pastiche (i.e., a collage of existing ideas) or imitation of other work in the service of satire or subversion, and multiple, perhaps even conflicting, identities resulting from unconnected affiliations.

Interpretive sociology

a type of scholarship in which researchers try to capture the lived experiences of the people they want to understand rather than treating them as objects to be analyzed (as in positivism).

Positivism

the approach to sociology that emphasizes the scientific method as an approach to studying the objectively observable behavior of individuals irrespective of the meanings those actions have for the subjects themselves.

Your Term

functionalism

the theory that various social institutions and processes in society exist to serve some important (or necessary) function to keep society running.

microsociology

a branch of sociology that seeks to understand local interactional contexts; its methods of choice are usually ethnographic, generally including participant observation and in-depth interviews.

midrange theory

a theory that attempts to explain generalizable patterns of behavior that are neither all-encompassing of society as a whole nor focused on very particular groups or individuals.

double consciousness

a concept conceived by W. E. B. Du Bois to describe the use of two behavioral scripts, one for moving through the general social world and the other incorporating the external opinions of prejudiced onlookers. These two scripts are constantly maintained by African Americans.

social construction

an entity that exists because people behave as if it exists and whose existence is perpetuated as people and social institutions act in accordance with widely agreed-upon formal rules or informal norms of behavior associated with that entity.

hegemony

a condition by which a dominant group uses its power to elicit the voluntary “consent” of the masses.

reflection theory

the idea that culture is a projection of social structures and relationships into the public sphere, a screen onto which the film of the underlying reality of social structures of a society is projected.

self

the individual identity of a person as perceived by that same person.

I

one's subjective sense of having consciousness, agency, action, or power.

me

the self-perceived as an object by the “I”; the self as one imagines others perceive one.

other

someone or something outside of oneself.

generalized other

an internalized sense of the total expectations of others in a variety of settings—regardless of whether we've encountered those people or places before.