acids and bases

acidic

pH < 7

high concentration of hydrogen ions (H+)

ends in “-ic”

basic/alkaline

pH > 7

low concentration of hydrogen ions (H+)

ends in “-oxide” or “-ate”

neutral

pH = 7

wide range indicator

dyes that change color based on pH

universal indicator

has a color range from deep red (acidic) to deep blue/purple (alkaline)

blue litmus paper

turns red in acidic conditions (pH < 7)

red litmus paper

turns blue in alkaline conditions (pH > 7)

pH probe and meter

probe inserted into solution accurately measures pH

neutralization reaction

mixing acids and bases resulting in neutral water and salt