Untitled Flashcards Set

Psychosurgery

Surgical removal or destruction of brain tissue to treat mental illness.

Prefrontal lobotomy

A type of psychosurgery that is rarely used now due to severe side effects.

Antipsychotic Medications (Neuroleptics)

Used to treat schizophrenia and severe bipolar disorder by blocking dopamine.

Typical Antipsychotics

Older drugs like Thorazine and Haldol, associated with a risk of tardive dyskinesia.

Tardive dyskinesia

Involuntary movements that can result from the use of typical antipsychotics.

Antidepressants

Medications that boost serotonin and/or norepinephrine to improve mood.

MAOIs

Medications that stop the breakdown of serotonin/norepinephrine (e.g., Nardil).

Tricyclics

Antidepressants that block reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine.

SSRIs

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors that block the reuptake of serotonin (e.g., Prozac, Zoloft, Lexapro).

SNRIs

Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors that block both serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake (e.g., Effexor, Cymbalta).

Bupropion (Wellbutrin)

An atypical antidepressant that primarily affects dopamine.

Mood Stabilizers

Drugs used to control mood swings in bipolar disorder.

Lithium

An effective mood stabilizer that can have dangerous side effects.

Anticonvulsants

Originally used for seizures; can help stabilize mood (e.g., Depakote, Lamictal).

Atypical Antipsychotics

Sometimes used with mood stabilizers (e.g., Zyprexa, Abilify).

Counterconditioning

A behavioral therapy technique that teaches a new, positive response to something that used to cause fear or discomfort.

Gestalt Therapy

A therapeutic approach that encourages individuals to face past problems and take control of their lives by being direct and challenging.