Module 5: Historical Events Using Primary Sources: Philippine Political Caricature/Cory Aquino's Speech before the US Congress

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering Philippine political caricatures during the American era and the historical context of Corazon Aquino's 1986 speech.

Philippine Political Cartoons

Artistic works that gained full expression during the American era, recording national attitudes and changing mores.

EDSA I

The 1986 revolution after which $44\%$ of current political dynasties in the Philippines emerged.

Senate Bill 2730

The anti-political dynasty bill filed by Robin Padilla to provide an enabling law for the 1987 Constitution's provision.

Fernando Amorsolo

The Filipino artist who drew the 'War Against Speculator' caricature.

Extrajudicial Executions

Killings carried out by the government without judicial proceedings, highlighted in reports about the Philippine drug war.

Narcotics Kingpins

High-level drug lords whose identities the public wanted President Duterte to reveal and charge in court.

Death Cars

A commentary published by the Philippines Free Press regarding fatal accidents involving taxis and colorum vehicles.

Philippines Free Press

The publication that printed the 'Death Cars' commentary on taxi accidents.

Recto

A location in Manila mentioned in a news report as a site for old cinemas used for 'malalaswang gawain' (obscene activities).

El Turno Delos Partidos

A caricature published by Lipang Kalabaw in 1907 depicting Uncle Sam rationing oatmeal to Filipino politicians.

Lipang Kalabaw

The publication that featured 'El Turno Delos Partidos' on August 24, 1907.

Progresista Party

Formerly the Federalista Party, they were favored by the American colonial government for supporting statehood or annexation.

Nacionalista Party

The political group shown in the background of 'El Turno Delos Partidos' waiting for their turn to receive American patronage.

Political Patronage

The practice of allocating government jobs, resources, or favors to supporters in exchange for backing; also known as the spoils system.

Spoils System

Another term for political patronage that undermines meritocratic governance and public trust.

Meritocratic Governance

A system where progress is based on ability and talent, which is undermined by the practice of political patronage.

Corazon Aquino

Also known as Cory Aquino, she was the first female president in Philippine history and the 'Mother of Philippine Democracy'.

January 25, 1933

The birth date of Maria Corazon Sumulong Cojuangco-Aquino.

August 1, 2009

The date on which former President Corazon Aquino passed away.

1986 EDSA People Power Revolution

The major historical event where Corazon Aquino was the most prominent figure, leading to the deposition of Ferdinand Marcos.

Joint Session of the United States Congress

The venue where Corazon Aquino delivered a famous speech in September 1986 that received a standing ovation.

Ferdinand Marcos

The dictator who was deposed in February 1986 after an authoritarian regime.

Martial Law Years

The period of the authoritarian regime under President Ferdinand Marcos, Sr.

Benigno "Ninoy" Aquino, Jr.

The husband of Cory Aquino whose assassination on August 21, 1983, served as a background event to her presidency.

August 21, 1983

The date of the assassination of Benigno 'Ninoy' Aquino, Jr.

Snap Presidential Election

The election held on February 7, 1986, which preceded the EDSA People Power Revolution.

February 22-26, 1986

The specific dates during which the EDSA People Power Revolution took place.

Communist Insurgency

Described in Cory Aquino's speech as a product of a repressive and corrupt government that should be solved through peaceful means.

"Other Slavery"

The term Corazon Aquino used in her speech to describe the massive foreign debt left by the previous administration.

Progresista Party Patronage

The specific group depicted in cartoons as being served first by Uncle Sam due to their pro-American stance.

Internalized Racial Oppression

A component of colonial mentality defined as the perception of ethnic and cultural inferiority.

1987 Constitution

The supreme law of the Philippines ratified after the EDSA Revolt that called for an anti-political dynasty measure.

Teofisto Guingona Jr.

Former Vice President and author of an anti-political dynasty measure drafted shortly after the 1987 Constitution's ratification.

Porridge

Used in the cartoon 'El Turno Delos Partidos' to represent the patronage and political favors given by the United States.