us presidenst domianacy

What does commandeer in chief mean?

That the president has considerable control over military and national security decisions.

Article 2

Names president as commander in chief of armed forces

1- Obama 2011

Authorised Operation Neptune Spear which led to the death of Osama Bill Laden

9/11, killed 2977

Influence international relations. US didn’t inform Islamabad so this cause friction between the us ans Pakistan

1- Joe Biden 2021/2023

Ordered strikes in Syria against Iran backed groups without a formal declaration of war.

Counter1- War Powers Resolution Act 1973

Required president to notify Congress within 48hrs of deploying troops and limits thier deployment to 60 days without congressional approval

Counter1- military budget

Controlled by congress which can refuse to fund military operations.

Point2- What does president lead

US diplomacy and shapes international relations.

2- what does the president control

Negotiates treaties, appoints ambassadors, recognises foreign governments.

2- what did Jimmy Carter broker?

Camp David Accords by acting as a peacemaker between Egypt and Israel. This led to the first ever peace agreement between Israel and and Arab nation.

2- Donald trump met which president

In 2018/2019, trump met with Kim Jong Un making him the first sitting US president to meet a NK leader. Strengthened international relations.

Counter2- Congress restricts diplomacy

Senate needs a 2/3 majority to ratify treaties. Eg. CRPD treaty which aimed to ensure full and equal access or all human rights by disabled people. Treaty of Versailles doe to opposition to the League of Nations Article 10 of constitiution.

Point3- executive powers used to change foreign policy

Without congressional approval

3- Paris climate agreement

Obama joined, trump withdrew (2020), Biden joined back, trump withdrew again (2026)

3- Iran nuclear power deal JCPOA 2015

Provided broad sanctions and relief to Iran in exchange for scaling back its nuclear power program, trump withdrew in 2018 and striker Iran in 2026.

3- what can presidents do to limit their importance

Can easily withdraw and can be reversed by future presidents.