A&P Chapter 1

FORM

Anatomy:

FUNCTION

Physiology:

Anatomy

Study of the structure of body parts and their relationship to one another

Physiology

Study of the function of body parts and how they work to carry out life-sustaining activities

function

Physiology the study of the ______ of body parts and how they work to carry out life-sustaining activities

structure

Anatomy the study of the ______ of body parts and their relationship to one another

gross, microscopic, developmental

subdivisions of anatomy

Gross (macroscopic) anatomy

the study of large, visible structures

Regional anatomy

examines all structures in a particular area of the body

Systemic anatomy

examines just one system (nervous, muscular, etc.)

Microscopic anatomy

the study of structures so small they must be viewed with a microscope

Cytology

microscopic study of cells

Histology

microscopic study of tissues

Developmental anatomy

studies anatomical development throughout life

Embryology

study of development before birth

homeostasis

Much of the study of physiology centers on the body’s tendency toward ______

Homeostasis

the state of steady internal conditions maintained by living things

cristae

Mitochondria have an inner membrane with folds called _____

surface area

cristae increase ______ available for proteins to carry out cellular respiration

chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

levels of organization

elements

All matter in the universe is composed of one or more unique, pure substances called _____

an atom

The smallest unit of matter is _____

Atoms are made up of subatomic particles called protons, electrons, and neutron

molecule

Two or more atoms combine to form a ______

body structures

Molecules are the chemical building blocks of all _____

chemical, organismal

The human body is highly and specifically organized, from the ______ (smallest) to _____ (largest) level

atoms/elements, molecules, and organelles

Chemical level

a single cell (smallest unit of life)

Cellular level

groups of cells carrying out a similar function

Tissue level

anatomically distinct structures of the body composed of two or more tissue types

Organ level

a group of organs that work together to perform major functions or meet physiological needs of the body

Organ system level

all organ systems working together to carry out the functions of life

Organismal level