Hist 1020: Global enlightenment thinking

KEY CONCEPTS:

Global enlightenment

Universal laws

Popular sovereignty

global enlightenment

a global revolution in THOUGHT, TECH, & SOCIETY toward a new view of the world & man’s place in it.

started in europe

the way of thinking changed 17th & 18th centuries

different thinking about GOVT

shift AWAY from RELIGIOUS thinking

EX: GUNPOWDER is a way to rule. (thru militaristic rule)

Li Zicheng’s popular uprising (CHINA)

distrust in the ruling. shift AWAY from divine right of kings (MANDATE of HEAVEN in china) to the CHOICE of the PEOPLE.

UNIVERSAL LAWS

how to explain mankind & the world around us

what are the principles that make up our government? Do we need to change these principles?

basis of truth outside religion

BARTOLEME DE LAS CASAS

John Locke (middle 17th century)

Enlightenment thinker

Said to look back at what we have actually done as a society

Divine right monarchies are FALSE

Societies formed by PEOPLE, NOT god

Rousseau (early 18th century)

Enlightenment thinker

man is inherently GOOD & EQUAL (contradicting the bible, bc bible says man is inherently evil)

confucian-influenced

wrote The Social Contract

Tipu Sultan (middle 18th century) in INDIA

Combines LOCKE & ROUSSEAU & ISLAMIC ideas & used these for basis of ruling

Tipu Citoyen- means citizen- called himself a citizen as he was equal with his people

Urban growth

cities become denser, more populates, ideas spread faster

Third spaces

coffee houses- places not governed by govt.

COFFEE- new drink that allowed for people to discourse over it

FREE EXCHANGE OF IDEAS- politics talked about among non-elites

Newspapers

CHEAP to print

caused HIGHER LITERACY rate

Political pamphlets / books

Newspapers became political pamphlets

This is where enlightenment thinking (from thinkers) was taken to advocate for REVOLUTION

COMMON SENSE by THOMAS PAINE- pamphlet for american revol. against brit.

enlightenment ideas in the hands of regular people get filtered through & become radical & then get changed into ideas for revolution.

Popular sovereignty

POLITICAL POWER comes from the PEOPLE

where did popular sovereignty come from?

Enlightenment figures (especially JOHN LOCKE)

Popular sovereignty started because people realized they share common ideals with their neighbors, which made them think they are part of a society, smth bigger than themselves.

Scientific Revolution

response to global exploration

• the triangle trade

• age of expedition (columbus)

What

Third Spaces

Coffee

Newspapers

Political pamphlets