Joints

synarthrosis

immobile joints

synarthosis

sutures

synarthrosis

manubriosternal joint

amphiarthrosis

limited mobility

amphiarthrosis

intervertebral discs

amphiarthrosis

pubic symphysis

diarthrosis

synovial joints - mobile

cartilaginous joints

adjacent bones united by cartilage, no joint cavity

synchondrosis

joined by hyaline cartilage

synchondrosis

epiphyseal plate

symphysis

joined by fibrocartilage

symphysis

intervertebral discs

symphysis

manubriosternal joint

fibrous joints

adjacent bones directly connected by fibrous connective tissue, no joint cavity

fibrous joints

sutures

syndesmosis

held together by ligaments

syndesmosis

ulna and radius

gomphosis

between tooth and bony sockets (gums)

synovial joints

contains cavity, most common joint

meniscus

fluid-filled sac where tendon slide

bursa

cushion, prevents bones from grinding

tendon sheath

similar to bursa but wraps around tendon

pivot

bone rotating within ring; uniaxial

pivot

c1, c2 joints

hinge

flexion and extension; uniaxial

hinge

elbow and knee

condyloid

depression at one bone articulates with rounded structure of adjacent bone; biaxial

condyloid

wrist

saddle

thumb

saddle

sternoclavicular joint

plane

flat articulating surfaces slide across each other

plane

superior and inferior articular process between vertebrae; multiaxial

plane

intercarpal joints and intertarsal joints

ball and socket

rounded head fits into concave articulation of adjacent bone; multiaxial

ball and socket

shoulders and hips

protonation

rolling palms down

supination

rolling palms up

dorsiflexion

toes up

plantar flexion

toes down

inversion

turning soles medially

eversion

turning soles laterally

protraction

forward movement of mandible

retraction

backward movement of mandible

lateral excursion

moving mandible to side

medial excursion

moving mandible towards middle

zygapophyseal joint

adjacent vertebrae articulate with each other at synovial joints between superior and inferior articular processes

atlano-occipital joint

articulation between superior articular processes of atlas and occipital condyle at base of skull

atlanoaxial joint

articulation between atlas at anterior arch and axis and dens

temporomandibular joint

articulation between mandibular fossa and articular tubercle of temporal bone with condyle (head) of mandible

shoulder joint

ball-and-socket formed by articulation between head of humerus and glenoid cavity of scapula (glenohumeral joint)

elbow joint

articulation between trochlea of humerus and trochlear notch of ulna + capsule of ligaments (humeroulnar joint)

hip joint

multiaxial, ball-and-socket by articulation of head of femur and acetabulum of hip bone + stabilized by ligaments

knee joint

largest joint in body

three articulations of knee joint

femoropatellar

medial tibiofemoral

lateral tibiofemoral

talocrural joint

ankle joint

talocrural joint

hinge joint

eversion/inversion foot movements

movements between talus, calcaneus, and other intertarsal joints