RATIO - Evals 2 Microbiology & Parasitology Quizzes

A. Non-motile

Which of the following best describes a Staphylococcus species?

A. Non-motile

B. Obligate anaerobe

C. Parasitic organism

D. Normally found in human lung tissue

C. Panton Valentine Leukocidin

This exotoxin suppresses phagocytic activity and is lethal to polymorphonuclear leukocytes

A. Catalase

B. Exfoliative toxin

C. Panton Valentine Leukocidin

D. Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin-1

B. mecA

Which of the following genes is responsible for the resistance to nafcillin of the majority of S. aureus and S. epidermidis?

A. Beta-lactamase

B. mecA

C. Agr

D. eta

D. Pustular

The lesions of folliculitis are

A. Bullous

B. Macular

C. Patchy

D. Pustular

C. Nikolsky Sign

Which sign is present in a patient with Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSSS)?

A. Brudzinski’s Sign

B. Levine Sign

C. Nikolsky Sign

D. Rovsing’s Sign

B. Facultative anaerobe

Which of the following BEST describes a Streptococcus sp.?

A. Catalase positive

B. Facultative anaerobe

C. Cannot ferment glucose

D. Arranged in clusters

C. Hyaluronidase

Which of the following is the spreading factor of Streptococcus sp.?

A. M protein

B. Fibrinolysin

C. Hyaluronidase

D. Streptolysin

D. Scarlet fever

Which of the following produces sandpaper-like, petechial lesions that usually start at the trunk and spread towards the extremities but spare the face?

A. Erysipelas

B. Impetigo contagiosa

C. Necrotizing fasciitis

D. Scarlet fever

B. Type II

Which type of necrotizing fasciitis is commonly caused by Streptococcus pyogenes?

A. Type I

B. Type II

C. Type III

D. Type IV

C. Anti-DNase B

Which serologic test is BEST used for detecting streptococcal infections of the skin?

A. Anti-streptolysin O

B. Anti-streptokinase

C. Anti-DNase B

D. Anti-M-type Specific

D. Pustular lesion

The following are features of scarlet fever, EXCEPT

A. Centrifugal rash

B. Circumoral pallor

C. Strawberry tongue

D. Pustular lesion

C. Increased CO2

Which of the following conditions increases the rate of hemolysis of Streptococcus sp. When incubated in a blood agar plate?

A. Saline environment

B. Increased O2

C. Increased CO2

D. Well-lit environment

D. Arranged in clusters

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Streptococcus sp.

A. Catalase negative

B. Facultative anaerobe

C. Can ferment glucose

D. Arranged in clusters

A. M protein

The major virulence factor of Streptococcus sp.

A. M protein

B. Fibrinolysin

C. Pyrogenic Exotoxin

D. Streptolysin

C. Eyripelas

Which of the following produces painful, indurated, erythematous areas of inflammation with raised borders that are sharply demarcated from the adjacent normal skin?

A. Carbuncle

B. Cellulitis

C. Eyripelas

D. Non-bullous Impetigo

C. Diabetes

Which of the following is a risk factor for developing furuncle?

A. Hypertension

B. Smoking

C. Diabetes

D. Pregnancy

B. Stratum granulosum

Which of the following layers of epidermis is affected exclusively by the toxin responsible for Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSSS)?

A. Stratum corneum

B. Stratum granulosum

C. Stratum spinosum

D. Stratum basale

D. Catalase producer

Which of the following BEST describes a Staphylococcus sp.?

A. Motile organism

B. An obligate anaerobe

C. Not part of the human flora

D. Catalase producer

B. Exfoliative Toxin

This virulence factor is a serine protease that is responsible for splitting the intracellular bridges of the epidermis

A. Catalase

B. Exfoliative Toxin

C. Panton Valentine Leukocidin

D. Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin-1

A. (+) Catalase, (+) Coagulase

Which of the following diagnostic results is expected for S. aureus infection?

A. (+) Catalase, (+) Coagulase

B. (+) Catalase, (-) Coagulase

C. (-) Catalase, (+) Coagulase

D. (-) Catalase, (-) Coagulase

B. Mycobacterium leprae

The causative agent of Leprosy is

A. Mycobacterium marinum

B. Mycobacterium leprae

C. Mycobacterium tuberculosis

D. Mycobacterium ulcerans

C. Vertical transmission

Mode of transmission of Mycobacterium leprae, EXCEPT:

A. Skin-to-skin contact

B. Nasal droplet

C. Vertical transmission

D. Prolonged contact with Lepromatous leprosy patient

D. It is an acid-fast bacilli

True of Mycobacterium leprae.

A. It is an extracellular bacteria

B. Its mycolic acid-rich cell wall makes gram staining a more reliable diagnostic test

C. The bacilli, when seen under the microscope, can usually be observed in chains

D. It is an acid-fast bacilli

D. Loss of sensation

The most serious sequelae of leprosy is _____

A. Skin lesions

B. Facial deformities

C. Formation of ulcers

D. Loss of sensation

B. Mycolactone

The characteristic Buruli ulcer of Mycobacterium ulcerans results from _____.

A. Endotoxins

B. Mycolactone

C. Cell wall toxins

D. Exotoxins

A. Smears from necrotic base of ulcers will show bright red bacilli under the Ziehl-Neelsen stain

TRUE of Mycobacterium ulcerans:

A. Smears from necrotic base of ulcers will show bright red bacilli under the Ziehl-Neelsen stain

B. Acid-fast bacilli of M. ulcerans are observed to form chains

C. It takes only 1 to 2 weeks for M. ulcerans to grow from tissue culture

D. Gram negative bacteria, appears red when seen under the microscope

C. Combination of surgical and antibiotic treatment

Treatment of Buruli ulcer:

A. Surgical removal and grafting of affected area only

B. Antibiotics only

C. Combination of surgical and antibiotic treatment

D. Buruli ulcer is self-limiting, requiring no treatment

D. It is sensitive to Isoniazid

True of Mycobacterium marinum, EXCEPT:

A. Called “fish tank granuloma”

B. Presents as a solitary inflammatory nodule usually on the elbows, knees, or feet

C. Acid-fast staining and culture of tissue are definitive diagnostic tests

D. It is sensitive to Isoniazid

A. Wear gloves when cleaning fish and fish tanks

Prevention of Mycobacterium marinum infection:

A. Wear gloves when cleaning fish and fish tanks

B. Avoid direct contact with skin lesions

C. Vaccination

D. Chlorinating swimming pools have no role in preventing M. marinum infection

C. Ethambutol

Treatment for Mycobacterium marinum:

A. Streptomycin

B. Isoniazid

C. Ethambutol

D. Pyrazinamide

C. Leonine facies

Which of the following characteristics pertain to Lepromatous Leprosy?

A. Maculoanesthetic lesions

B. Strong cell-mediated immunity

C. Leonine facies

D. Non-progressive course

A. Gram staining provides a reliable result

True of Mycobacterium leprae, EXCEPT:

A. Gram staining provides a reliable result

B. It is an acid-fast bacilli that requires Ziehl-Neelsen staining

C. It has a predilection to Schwann cells of peripheral nerves in cooler body areas

D. It is an obligate intracellular parasite

A. Nasal droplet

Mode of transmission of Mycobacterium leprae:

A. Nasal droplet

B. Blood contamination

C. Vertical transmission

D. Oral-fecal route

A. Mycobacterium marinum

Lesions from this non-tuberculous mycobacteria are also called "swimming pool granuloma".

A. Mycobacterium marinum

B. Mycobacterium leprae

C. Mycobacterium tuberculosis

D. Mycobacterium ulcerans

B. Spreads through person-to-person contact

True of Mycobacterium marinum, EXCEPT:

A. Often found in fresh water or salt water and fish tanks

B. Spreads through person-to-person contact

C. Minor trauma from infected fish or crustaceans can cause infection

D. It is a natural pathogen in fish

B. Rifampin

Treatment of Mycobacterium marinum infection:

A. Dapsone

B. Rifampin

C. Clofazimine

D. Pyrazinamide

C. Acid-fast bacilli, bright red

Mycobacterium ulcerans can be seen as the Ziehl-Neelsen stain.

A. Gram positive, deep violet

B. Clear cell wall on a dark background

C. Acid-fast bacilli, bright red

D. Gram negative bacilli, bright red

A. Painless, chronic, skin ulcers

Characteristic lesion of Buruli ulcer:

A. Painless, chronic, skin ulcers

B. Painful skin ulcers

C. Usually found on flexor surfaces of the extremities

D. Ulcers heal quickly

B. Exposure to contaminated water or soil through skin lesions

Transmission of M. ulcerans include _____.

A. Oral-fecal route

B. Exposure to contaminated water or soil through skin lesions

C. Person-to-person contact

D. Fomites

A. Bacillus anthracis

Large gram-positive bacilli in chains

A. Bacillus anthracis

B. Clostridium perfringens

C. Erysipelothrix rheusiopathiae

B. Clostridium perfringens

Produces crepitation in the affected area and bullous lesions

A. Bacillus anthracis

B. Clostridium perfringens

C. Erysipelothrix rheusiopathiae

A. Bacillus anthracis

Woolsorter's disease

A. Bacillus anthracis

B. Clostridium perfringens

C. Erysipelothrix rheusiopathiae

C. Erysipelothrix rheusiopathiae

(+) precipitation in egg yolk agar

A. Bacillus anthracis

B. Clostridium perfringens

C. Erysipelothrix rheusiopathiae

C. Erysipelothrix rheusiopathiae

Marine animals as primary hosts

A. Bacillus anthracis

B. Clostridium perfringens

C. Erysipelothrix rheusiopathiae

C. Erysipelothrix rheusiopathiae

Small, glistening colonies in blood agar plate

A. Bacillus anthracis

B. Clostridium perfringens

C. Erysipelothrix rheusiopathiae

A. Bacillus anthracis

May be transmitted via injection

A. Bacillus anthracis

B. Clostridium perfringens

C. Erysipelothrix rheusiopathiae

B. Clostridium perfringens

Terminal or subterminal spores

A. Bacillus anthracis

B. Clostridium perfringens

C. Erysipelothrix rheusiopathiae

B. Clostridium perfringens

Beta toxin

A. Bacillus anthracis

B. Clostridium perfringens

C. Erysipelothrix rheusiopathiae

C. Erysipelothrix rheusiopathiae

Can resolve without treatment

A. Bacillus anthracis

B. Clostridium perfringens

C. Erysipelothrix rheusiopathiae

True

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

Overgrowth of Malassezia furfur in the skin is due to low turnover rate of the squamous epithelium.

Halotolerant

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

H. werneckii has a dematiaceous cell wall and is halosensitive.

Stratum corneum

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

Superficial mycosis is confined to the stratum granulosum layer of the epidermis.

Black Piedra

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

White Piedra produces hard, dark brown to black, gritty nodules that are firmly attached to the hair shaft.

SDA and PDA

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

Trichosporon spp. grow rapidly on blood agar plate.

Subcutaneous mycosis

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

Sporothrix schenckii is an opportunistic mycosis.

25-30

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

S. schenckii grows in its mold form at 35–37°C.

True

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

Chromoblastomycosis is a non-communicable disease.

Dematiaceous cell wall

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

Majority of agents causing phaeohyphomycosis have hyaline cell wall.

True

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

Pseudarellescheria boydii produces white granules surrounded by abscess.

Keratinized tissues

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

Superficial mycoses affect non-keratinized tissues.

Dematiaceous cell wall

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

The causative agent for tinea nigra has hyaline cell wall.

True

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

Malasezzia furfur appear as “spaghetti and meatballs” in KOH mount.

Ascospores

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

The nodules produced by Black Piedra consist of asci containing blastospores.

Immunocompromised patients

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

Some species of Trichosporon spp. may cause systemic illness in immunocompetent patients.

True

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

Majority of sporotrichosis infection occur in males.

Lower extremities

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

Chromoblastomycosis commonly involves the upper extremities.

Young colonies

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

Old colonies of S. schenkii appear blackish and shiny.

True

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

Agents of phaeohyphomycosis are found in soil.

Madurella mycetomatis

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

The most common etiologic agent for Madura foot is Madurella grisea.

Low turnover rates

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

High turnover rate of squamous epithelial cells is the reason why there is overgrowth of M. furfur which leads to the development of pityriasis versicolor.

Dematiaceous

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

H. wernickii is a halotolerant fungus with hyaline cell wall.

True

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

Superficial mycosis confined to the stratum corneum.

Hair shaft

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

Black Piedra produces hard, dark brown to black, gritty nodules that are firmly attached to the base of the hair.

Rapidly

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

Trichosporon spp. grows slowly on primary fungal media.

True

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

Sporothrix schenckii is an occupational disease.

Mold

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

S. schenckii grows in its yeast form at 25oC.

Non-communicable

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

Chromoblastomycosis is a communicable disease.

True

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

Majority of agents causing phaeohyphomycosis have dematiaceous cell wall.

Dark red to black granules

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

Madurella mycetomatis produces white granules surrounded by abscess and necrotic debris.

Superficial mycosis

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

Subcutaneous mycosis is confined to the stratum corneum layer of the epidermis.

Hyperpigmented macules

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

Tinea nigra is characterized by hypopigmented patches at the soles and the palms.

Tropical

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

Black piedra is endemic in temperate countries.

True

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

Olive oil is needed to promote the growth of Malassezia furfur in culture media.

Potassium nitrate

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

Use of potassium citrate is one of the methods that can be used for species identification of Trichosporon sp.

Eosinophilic

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

Asteroid body appears as central basophilic yeast cells surrounded by radiating extensions of basophilic material.

True

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

Chromoblastomycosis may rarely produce elephantiasis.

Granuloma

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

Histologic studies of chromoblastomycosis reveal formation of granulation tissue with sclerotic bodies within leukocytes or giant cells.

Amphotericin B and surgery

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

Treatment for cerebral phaeohyphomycosis include Intraconazole and Flucytosine.

True

Write “TRUE” if the statement is correct. If the statement is incorrect, SUPPLY THE CORRECT WORD/S that should replace the underlined word/s to make the statement correct.

Madurella mycetomatis is a dematiaceous, septate fungus.

Dermatophytes

This is the most important causative agent of cutaneous mycosis.

Anthropophilic, Zoophilic, Geophilic

Give the three classifications of dermatophytes

Epidermophyton floccosum

This organism only produces macroconidia which is described as “beaver’s tail.”

Trichophyton schoenleinii

This is the usual causative agent for tinea favus.

Greenish to silvery fluorescence

What is the appearance of the etiologic agent of Gray Patch Ringworm under Wood’s Lamp?

Tinea Barbae (Barber’s Itch)

This dermatophytosis may resemble pyogenic infection in the bearded area and usually a zoophilic dermatophyte.

Trichophytin

What antigen is present in the skin test of a dermatophytid reaction?

Oral Griseofulvin (Terbinafine)

Give one drug of choice for tinea capitis.

Hair, Nail, Skin

Give one tissue that can be affected by cutaneous mycoses.

Asexual Conidia

What important structures to observe to identify the specific species of dermatophytes?

Anthropophilic dermatophytes

This class of dermatophytes can produce chronic and mild infections but are difficult to eradicate.