Unit 1A: Architecture

c. 2500-1600 BCE
sandstone megaliths
Wiltshire, England
post-and-lintel, henge

Stonehenge (8)

c. 3500-3000 BCE
mud-brick temple
Warka, Iraq
sky god Anu

White Temple & Ziggurat (12)

c. 2550-2490 BCE
limestone bricks
Giza, Egypt
lion with the head of a king

Great Pyramids & Great Sphinx (17)

Khufu (largest) (17a)

Khafre & Great Sphinx (medium & first colossal sculpture) (17b)

Menkaure (smallest) (17c)

c. 1550 BCE, c. 1250 BCE
sandstone and mudbrick
Karnak, Egypt
yearly Opet procession to Hatshepsut

Temple of Amun-Re & Hypostyle Hall (20)

c. 1473-1458 BCE
sandstone
near Luxor, Egypt
female Pharaoh statues destroyed

Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut (21)

c. 600-150 BCE
plan view
Athens, Greece
town square, stoa

Athenian Agora (26)

c. 520-465 BCE
limestone
Persopolis, Iran
audience hall

Apadana of Darius & Xerxes (30)

Bull Capital of a column (30a)

c. 510-500 BCE
wood, mud-brick
near Rome, Italy
terracotta sculpture with a harp

Temple of Minerva & Sculpture of Apollo (31)

c. 447-410 BCE
marble
Athens, Greece
Iktinos and Kallikrates, Panathenaic Procession

Acropolis (Parthenon: Doric columns) (35)

Parthenon sculptures (pediments, metopes and frieze) (35a)

Who owns the Parthenon sculptures? (Louvre, British Museum) (35b)

Plaque of the Ergastines (details the Panathenaic Procession) (35c)

Nike Adjusting Her Sandal (Temple of Athena Nike) (35d)

c. 175 BCE
marble
State Museum, Berlin, Germany
Hellenistic Greek, Gigantomachy

Great Altar of Zeus & Athena at Pergamon (present day Turkey) (38)

c. second-century BCE
stone and fresco
Pompeii, Italy
large atrium

House of the Vetti (39)

70-80 CE
stone and concrete
Rome, Italy
“Flavian Amphitheater”

Colosseum (44)

106-112 CE
brick and concrete
Rome, Italy
Forum, Basilica, markets, column

Forum of Trajan (45)

Column of Trajan (marble column that narrates Trajan’s story) (45a)

118-125 CE
stone and concrete
Rome, Italy
piazza, dome, oculus

Pantheon (46)

422-432 CE
brick and stone, wooden roof
Rome, Italy
Constantine-era, clerestory wall

Santa Sabina (49)

526-547 CE
brick, marble stone, mosaics
Ravenna, Italy
Byzantine Basilica, octagonal layout

San Vitale (51)

Empress Theodora (rhetoric, Byzantine primary source) (51a)

1453 CE
brick, ceramic, stone, and mosaic
Istanbul, Turkey
converted mosque, pendentive

Hagia Sophia (52)

Theotokos mosaic (52a)

Deësis mosaic (52b)

Hagia Sophia as a mosque (52c)

c. 786 CE
stone, masonry
Córdoba, Spain
spolia, mihrab niche

Great Mosque, Córdoba (56)

c. 1050-1130 CE
stone
Conques, France
martyr, abbey, pilgrimage, tympanum, cruciform plan

Church of Sainte-Foy (58)

1194-1220 CE
limestone, glass
Chartres, France
Gothic, Sancta Camisa, 4 Evangelists

Chartres Cathedral (60)

c. 1354-1391 CE
stucco
Granada, Spain
“Court of the Lions”, “Hall of the Sisters”

Alhambra (65)

c. 1429-1461 CE
limestone
Florence, Italy
Filipo Brunelleschi, Renaissance

Pazzi Chapel (67)

c. 1450 CE
stone, masonry
Florence, Italy
Leon Battisti Alberti, Renaissance

Palazzo Rucellai (70)

c. 1568-1580 CE
brick, marble, stucco, fresco
Rome, Italy
Baroque, Jesuits, Reformation

Il Gesù (82)

1568-1575 CE
brick and stone
Edirne, Turkey
Madrasa, Sinan

Mosque of Selim II (84)

1638-1646 CE
stone and stucco
Rome, Italy
Francesco Borromini, Baroque

San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane (88)

1638-1646 CE
masonry, wood, iron, gold
Versailles, France
“The Sun King”, Hall of Mirrors, Formal Gardens

Palace at Versailles (93)