APUSH FINAL - Day 1

What was the primary driver of the rise of the Gilded Age in the United States?

End of the civil war, industry improvements, technological inventions, mass production and distribution, railroads, resources, labor, capital for investments, federal land grants.

According to the theory of Social Darwinism, how is progress achieved?

Progress is achieved by simply letting 'evolution' do its work.

According to the theory of Social Darwinism, what hinders progress?

Progress is hindered by trying to help the 'lesser' such as the poorer classes with legislation.

What political alignment is described by the term 'Solid South' after Reconstruction?

Southern states that primarily only supported Democratic states - and did not switch or budge.

For approximately how long did the political alignment described by 'Solid South' persist?

1877 to 1964.

What did hundreds of thousands of Americans hope to achieve by migrating West after 1870?

Land and wealth.

What percentage of the workforce that built the first transcontinental railroad was comprised of Chinese workers?

Almost all of them.

How did General William Tecumseh Sherman summarize the U.S. government’s policy towards Native Americans?

By relocating them into reserves and forcing them to assimilate into white society.

From which regions of Europe did the majority of new immigrants to America typically come beginning in the 1880s?

South and Eastern Europe; specifically Ireland, England, Germany, and Scandinavia.

What was the primary focus for Samuel Gompers, the founder of the American Federation of Labor?

Negotiating with higher-ups for better wages and working conditions for the workers.

What cultural ideology typically constrained middle-class American women throughout much of the nineteenth century?

The idea that it was in their nature to be weak and dependent, must work just inside the home.

What were the primary sources of farmers’ dissatisfaction in the late nineteenth century?

Falling agricultural prices, sharecropping trapping citizens into poverty, glut of cotton, high freight rates.

What was the main demand of the National Woman Suffrage Association, formed by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony?

Women’s suffrage.

Why did Captain Alfred Thayer Mahan and others advocate U.S. expansion in the 1890s?

No nation could thrive without a large fleet of ships involved in international trade.

What characterized progressives in the years between 1890 and 1916?

Being more 'forward-thinking', often being business-men who realized their workers needed better conditions.

What was President Theodore Roosevelt’s preferred approach to dealing with trusts?

Using the Sherman Antitrust Act and direct federal regulation of the economy.