Measures models of pain

sensory-discriminative

intensity, location, and timing of pain

affective-motivational

emotional and aversive aspects of pain (suffering)

 

cognitive-evaluative

patient’s evaluation of the meaning and consequences of pain

Pain scales

visual analog scale

graphic rating scale

Wong-Baker/faces pain scale

VAS & GRA stands for -

Visual analog scale. (Pain intensity and unpleasantness)

Graphic rating scale

quantitative sensory testing

cold pressor test

thermode

pressure algometer

von Frey / pin prick

quantitative sensory testing

cold pressor test

thermode

pressure algometer

von Frey / pin prick

QST (quantitative sensory testing)

Multimodal assessment of somatic sensitivity: Modalities include heat, cold, mechanical, electric.

Dynamic-

Moving stimuli

Static-

Not moving stimuli

Nocifensive behavior

Defensive and muscle reaction caused by noxious stimulus

Mechanical modality-

Somatic, muscle, visceral

Thermal modality

Heat, cold

Chemical modality

Somatic, visceral

Non-evoked modality

Nesting, deep lab cut, grimace, ultrasonic vocalizations

Mechanical sensitivity test (somatic)

Von Frey filament, needle/pin, cotton swab

Mechanical sensory test (muscle)

Randall-selitto test, adhesive removal test, grip strength

Mechanical sensitivity test (Visceral)

Visceromotor responses

Thermal sensitivity test (Heat)

Hargreaves test, tail flick, tail immersion, hot plate

Thermal sensitivity test (Cold)

Plantar dry ice test, acetone test, tail immersion, cold plate

Temperature assays

Two-temperature choice assay, temperature gradient assay

Chemical sensitivity test (Formalin)

Weak formaldehyde injected into rodent hind paw, mimic aching pain in humans.

Acetic-acid writhing test

Model for visceral and analgesic screening, evaluation of anti-inflammatory drugs

C57BL/6

young heterogeneous male mouse (common use in preclinical trials)

Most common chronic pain

1.backpain 2.migraines 3.joint pain

Acute assays

Pain behavior tests performed in genetically modified animals

Streptozotocin

Chemical compound (soil bacterium) that damages insulin producing beta cells in the pancreas

Paclitaxel

Chemotherapy medication

Complete Freunds adjuvant

Mineral oil+ heat killed mycobacterium + emulsifier

Carrageenan

Polysaccharide from red seaweed. (Acute pain intensity mice)

Monoiodoacetate

Inhibits glycolysis; often injected into knew to kill cells that produce cartilage