Unit 1.1 Developments in East Asia Flashcards

Flashcards covering key historical concepts, dynasties, cultural practices, innovations, and inter-regional relationships in East Asia from AP World History Unit 1.1.

Which emperor began the most famous section of the Great Wall of China after uniting China?

Qin emperor Qin Shi Huang (220 - 206 BCE).

During which dynasty was most of the remaining Great Wall of China built?

The Ming dynasty (1368-1644).

What was the primary purpose of the Civil Service Exam in imperial China?

To select government officials based on knowledge of Confucian teachings, literature, and government principles rather than family background.

What is filial piety in the context of Confucianism?

The virtue of respect, obedience, and care for one's parents and ancestors.

Which social group comprised approximately 90% of the population in Chinese social structure?

Peasants.

What key achievement or development is associated with each of the earlier dynasties: Qin, Han, Sui, and Tang?

The Qin Dynasty began the Great Wall, the Han Dynasty introduced the Civil Service Exam, the Sui Dynasty built the Grand Canal, and the Tang Dynasty experienced Buddhism growth.

What belief concept explains the continuous rise and fall of Chinese dynasties throughout history?

The Mandate of Heaven.

What is Neo-Confucianism, which experienced a major revival during the Song Dynasty?

A revival of Confucianism mixed with Buddhist and Daoist elements.

What strain of rice was adopted from Vietnam during the Song Dynasty, and what was its main benefit?

Champa rice, a fast-ripening and drought-resistant strain that led to significant population growth.

What city served as the capital of the Song Dynasty and had a population of over 1 million people?

Hangzhou.

What four major innovations emerged or expanded in China during the Song Dynasty era?

Woodblock and moveable type printing, paper money, larger ships with magnetic compasses, and gunpowder.

What was foot binding in Song China, and what social status did it symbolize?

The tight wrapping of young girls' feet that broke bones, serving as a sign of female beauty and male superiority.

What term refers to the process of neighboring countries being influenced by Chinese culture?

Sinification.

How did Japan's adoption of Chinese culture differ from that of Korea and Vietnam?

Japan's borrowing was completely voluntary because Japan was separated by 100 miles of ocean and was never successfully conquered by China.

What phonetic alphabet was developed in Korea for writing, distinct from Chinese writing?

Hangul.

In Japanese feudalism, what were the respective roles of the Emperor, Shogun, Daimyos, and Samurai?

The Emperor (Mikado) was a ceremonial figurehead with little real power; the Shogun held most political and military power; Daimyos were local lords with private armies; and Samurai were the warrior class.

What was the samurai warrior code of honor, and what was seppuku?

The samurai code of honor was the Code of Bushido, and seppuku was the practice of ritualistic suicide.

What traditional native religion persisted in Japan alongside Buddhism?

Shintoism.

What language served as the common language (lingua franca) for educated people in East Asia until the 20th century?

Classical Chinese.

Which Southeast Asian region was ruled directly by Chinese officials for 1,000 years before gaining independence in 938 CE?

Vietnam.