CELL: THE UNIT OF LIFE

Flashcards covering key vocabulary terms related to the structure and function of cells.

Cell Theory

A fundamental theory which states that all living organisms are composed of cells and all cells arise from pre-existing cells.

Prokaryotic Cells

Cells that lack a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles, such as bacteria and blue-green algae.

Eukaryotic Cells

Cells that have a well-defined nucleus enclosed by a nuclear membrane and contain membrane-bound organelles.

Ribosomes

Non-membrane bound organelles responsible for protein synthesis, found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

A network of membranes in eukaryotic cells that helps in the synthesis of proteins and lipids; divided into rough ER and smooth ER.

Mitochondria

Double membrane-bound organelles known as the powerhouses of the cell, involved in aerobic respiration and ATP production.

Chloroplasts

Double membrane-bound organelles containing chlorophyll, responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells.

Cell Membrane

A selectively permeable structure that surrounds the cell, composed mainly of phospholipids and proteins.

Cilia and Flagella

Hair-like structures that protrude from the surface of some cells, responsible for cell movement and movement of fluids.

Nucleus

A membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell's genetic material and controls cellular activities.