Chapter 8 joints (summer)

Syndesmosis

Joint held together by a ligament fibrous tissue can vary in length. Short fibers offer little to no movement, longer fibers offer a larger amount of movement.

Gomphoses

Peg-in-socket joints. Ex: teeth

Synchondroses

almost all are synarthrotic (immovable). Ex: cartilage of the 1st rib with the manubrium of the sternum

Symphyses

Fibrocartilage unites bone in the symphysis joint. Amphiarthrotic (slightly movable). Ex: intervertebral joints, pubic symphysis.

Synovial joints

Bones are separated by a fluid-filled joint cavity. All are diarthrotic (freely movable). (Ex: all limbs).

Gliding movements

One flat bone surface glides or slips over another similar surface. Ex: intercarpal joints

Flexion

Decreasing the angle between two bones, usually in the sagittal plane.

Extension

Increasing the angel between two bones, usually in the sagittal plane

Abduction

Moving a limb away from the body midline in the frontal plane

Adduction

moving a limb or finger closer to the midline