9- Energy and force of charged conductors

What happens when a capacitor is charged?

Electrons are transferred from one plate to another, creating an electric field that opposes further charge transfer.

Why does charging a capacitor require work?

The increasing electric field between the plates opposes charge movement, requiring external work to continue charging.

Where is the energy stored in a charged capacitor?

In the electric field between the plates, as electric potential energy.

How can the stored energy in a capacitor be recovered?

By discharging the capacitor, transferring the stored energy to a circuit.

What is the differential work dW done in charging a capacitor?

What is the total work done in charging a capacitor?

This is the potential energy (p.e.) stored in the electric field.

What is the energy density uuu of the electric field?

How is the total energy of a capacitor expressed in terms of the capacitance C and the voltage V?

How is the initial total energy of a capacitor expressed using the charge Q, the separation x, and the area A?

What is the formula for the change in the internal energy dU when the plate separation changes by dx?

What is the expression for the force F on a charged conductor in terms of charge Q and electric field E?