Spanish Unit 1 Review

Preterite Tense Forms

Used to express actions completed in the past.

-AR Verb Preterite Forms: Yo (hablar)

Hablé

-AR Verb Preterite Forms: Tú (hablar)

Hablaste

-AR Verb Preterite Forms: Él/Ella/Usted (hablar)

Habló

-AR Verb Preterite Forms: Nosotros (hablar)

Hablamos

-AR Verb Preterite Forms: Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes (hablar)

Hablaron

-car, -gar, -zar Verb Changes

Change occurs in the yo form; e.g., Sacar → Saqué.

Irregular Preterites: Ir and Ser

Conjugated as fui, fuiste, fue, fuimos, fuisteis, fueron.

Gustar Means

To be pleasing to; indirect object pronoun indicates the person who likes something.

Irregular Preterite Verb Endings

New stems with endings; e.g., tener→ tuv, estar→ estuv.

yo -e nosotros - imos

tu -iste vosotros - isteis

el -o ellos - ieron

Demonstrative Adjectives

Used to point out specific things; e.g., este (this), ese (that).

Negative Words

Words that negate; e.g., nadie (no one), nada (nothing).

Comparative Forms

Used to compare; más/menos + adjective/adverb + que.

Ser vs Estar

Ser is for permanent characteristics; estar is for temporary conditions.

Preterite of Gustar

Gustó for singular, Gustaron for plural.

Spelling Changes in -ER and -IR Verbs

Leí → leyó, caí → cayó to avoid three vowels in a row.

Use of Por

Indicates means of transportation, cause, duration, and exchange.

Preterite Tense Forms

Used to express actions completed in the past.

-AR Verb Preterite Forms: Yo (hablar)

Hablé

-AR Verb Preterite Forms: Tú (hablar)

Hablaste

-AR Verb Preterite Forms: Él/Ella/Usted (hablar)

Habló

-AR Verb Preterite Forms: Nosotros (hablar)

Hablamos

-AR Verb Preterite Forms: Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes (hablar)

Hablaron

-car, -gar, -zar Verb Changes

Change occurs in the yo form; e.g., Sacar → Saqué.

Irregular Preterites: Ir and Ser

Conjugated as fui, fuiste, fue, fuimos, fuisteis, fueron.

Gustar Means

To be pleasing to; indirect object pronoun indicates the person who likes something.

Irregular Preterite Verb Endings

New stems with endings; e.g., tener→ tuv, estar→ estuv.
yo -e nosotros - imos
tu -iste vosotros - isteis
el -o ellos - ieron

Demonstrative Adjectives

Used to point out specific things; e.g., este (this), ese (that).

Negative Words

Words that negate; e.g., nadie (no one), nada (nothing).

Comparative Forms

Used to compare; más/menos + adjective/adverb + que.

Ser vs Estar

Ser is for permanent characteristics; estar is for temporary conditions.

Preterite of Gustar

Gustó for singular, Gustaron for plural.

Spelling Changes in -ER and -IR Verbs

Leí → leyó, caí → cayó to avoid three vowels in a row.

Use of Por

Indicates means of transportation, cause, duration, and exchange.

Regular -ER/-IR Verb Preterite Endings

yo -í, tú -iste, él/ella/usted -ió, nosotros -imos, vosotros -isteis, ellos/ellas/ustedes -ieron

-ER Verb Preterite Forms: Yo (comer)

Comí

-ER Verb Preterite Forms: Tú (comer)

Comiste

-ER Verb Preterite Forms: Él/Ella/Usted (comer)

Comió

-ER Verb Preterite Forms: Nosotros (comer)

Comimos

-ER Verb Preterite Forms: Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes (comer)

Comieron

-IR Verb Preterite Forms: Yo (vivir)

Viví

-IR Verb Preterite Forms: Tú (vivir)

Viviste

-IR Verb Preterite Forms: Él/Ella/Usted (vivir)

Vivió

-IR Verb Preterite Forms: Nosotros (vivir)

Vivimos

-IR Verb Preterite Forms: Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes (vivir)

Vivieron

This (masc + fem)

Este / Esta

These (masc+fem)

Estos / Estas

That (masc+fem)

Ese / Esa

Those (masc + fem)

Esos / Esas

That over there (masc + fem)

Aquel / Aquella

Those over there (masc+fem)

Aquellos / Aquellas