ABTT LAB PRELIM VISIT MO TO KAPAG HINDI MO MAKITA

management information systems (MIS)

may refer to the study of people, technology, organizations and the relationship between them

management information systems (MIS)

• people oriented field

• represent the approach a company uses to collate information necessary to make decisions

• management uses ____ at all levels of operation to collect, process and store data and give them feedback

• significance of an MIS

supports strategy decisions of an organization

• improves the accuracy and integrity of financial statements

• brings together massive amounts of data

• provide a central location

• provide a common language

• increases sales

• greater market share

• improves people’s performance

• anticipate future problems/trends

• helps in controlling various operations

• capable to handle voluminous data

• generate reports

• convenient to be accessed and integrated

• flexible

• quick search and retrieval

• management-oriented

features of MIS

• dependent on the input entered and its process

• not too effective when information is not shared

• cannot substitute judgements

• not that valuable for making non-programmed decisions

limitation of MIS

• hardware

• software

• data

• procedure

• people

components of an MIS

hardware

• physical devices and equipment used to input, process, store and output information

• input and output devices of an MIS

• tangible in nature, ex. computers, laptops, monitors, magnetic disk drives

software

programs and applications that control hardware operations and help process data

data

raw facts and figures that are collected, organized, and stored to produce meaningful information

procedure

policies, rules, and steps that guide how data is collected, processed, and used

people

individuals who operate the system, analyze information, and make decisions to achieve goals

• accept data

• process data

• store data and instructions

• output data

four basic functions of computer

output devices

these devices present the processed information to the user

input devices

these devices collect data and instructions from the user and send them to the computer

external storage

these devices store data permanently outside the computer

internal memory

these are the primary storage areas inside the computer used to store data and instructions temporarily

central processing unit

the brain of the computer that executed instructions and controls all operations

• speed

• expansion and upgrade capability

• ports for external devices

• ergonomics

• vendor reliability, warranty policy and vendor support

considerations in purchasing hardware

speed

the processor _____determines how fast the system can perform tasks

size of memory

more ____ allows the system to handle more data and programs at the same time

storage capacity

larger ____ allows you to to store more files, applications, and data

software

• these include those programs and applications that convert data into machine - readable language

• not tangible in nature, ex. operating system programs, payroll programs, word processing programs

system software

• manages computer resources and performs routine tasks not specific to any application

• developed to partner with as many applications as possible

operating system

• single most important program and most important type of system software

• developed for a certain microprocessor

• addressed technical details

• plays the role of “traffic cop” or the “boss” of computer resources

application - specific programs

programs design to perform specific jobs ex. payroll programs, reservation systems

general - purpose programs

usable for different purposes ex. word processing, spreadsheet programs

custom-designed applications

are tailored to your organization, but come with higher costs and greater risks

packaged software

offers affordability and convenience but comes with limitations and flexibility and customization

multimedia

• can handle many different types of data such as text, voice, and image

• powerful means of communicating

• uses includes education, training, research, and business

virtual reality

• mimics sensory reality

• business use of __ is expected to grow dramatically for design and testing of new products, and for marketing

data

this refers to raw details to produce desired information or facts and figures entered into computers for processing (ex. customer records)

procedure

these are a set of guidelines to be followed to use the other components effectively and efficiently

people

these are the users which may include computer experts, executives managers, analysts, programmers etc.

Operating System

Manages, Controls, and Coordinating all computer resources smoothly and efficiently

Application Software

Helps user accomplished task easily and effectively

High cost

Meeting the organizations exact need is one of the advantages in Custom-Desifned application. whah is the disadvantages

Managers

Plan, Organize and oversee resources and projects

Analysts

Analyze data and process to support decision making

Database Managers

Manage and secure data and ensure data integrity

• The hardware should allow for future expansion and upgrades.

• This helps extend the useful life of the system and protects your investment.

Management in Information

• The use of business tools, technologies, and other systems is an important consideration in the operation of any hospitality and tourism related business.

• Without such, the operation and other functions may fall short in providing quick and efficient services to the clients.

gather information

The first stage will be to __ from various departments. This information came from the normal reports of respective departments but may include new data, depending on its availability.

process

Once data is gathered, the next stage is to___ Processing may include analyzing it, comparing it with the previous data gathered, and other means in order to arrive at a sound decision.

decision making

The moment data have been processed, it can now be used for __, and for whatever purpose it may serve to the organization. This should be used effectively so that decisions are right and suited to a particular situation.

Disposal, Five years

—- of data is necessary when these are no longer needed or are no longer useful. Disposal may be in the form of shredding hard copies, deleting soft copies, or, can be saved in hard drive for retrieval in time that this will be needed. Some companies may hold for __) years, depending on its nature and type.

Man power

The people who frontline the services of products offered

Materials

Those used to render service or produce products