APWH: Unit 9 - Globalization 2025

Vocabulary flashcards for AP World History Unit 9 on Globalization.

Globalization

The worldwide coming together of countries and nations.

Radio

Verbal mass communication over distances.

Television

Allowed people to see and hear a person who was talking.

Cellular

Ability to communicate instantly worldwide.

Arab Spring

A series of anti-government protests in the early 2010s across the Arab world facilitated by cell phones and social media.

Green Revolution

Advancing of agricultural technologies such as new kinds of grain and wheat, genetic engineering, fertilizers, pesticides, and irrigation.

Antibiotics

Kills bacterial infections.

Vaccines

Shots to inoculate people against diseases

Birth Control

Synthetic hormone that prevented pregnancy

Poverty Diseases

Diseases that tend to occur at a higher rate among people of poverty: malaria, tuberculosis, and cholera.

Cholera

Transmitted through contaminated water.

Spanish Flu

Began around the end of World War I and spread to many soldiers. When those soldiers went home they brought the flu with them and infected everyone else. One fifth of the world’s population became infected and 20-50 million people died.

HIV/AIDS

The virus that causes AIDS which is a condition that depresses a person’s immune system so that normal viruses and bacteria that they would normally be able to fight off end up killing them. HIV had a major outbreak in the 1980s by being transmitted through bodily fluids. In the late 20th century and 21st century around 25 million people died from it.

Desertification

A process by which fertile land becomes desert-like because of deforestation, droughts, and harmful agricultural techniques.

Proliferation of Free Market Economies

The development included the lowering of trade barriers like tariffs and the deregulation of industry and the transfer of public sector industries to private parties.

Rise of Knowledge Economies

The development led to workers using their minds for work instead of their bodies, such as engineers and teachers.

Rise of Manufacturing Economies

The development led to international businesses paying lower wages to foreign workers, where the low wages were legal

Augusto Pinochet

An authoritarian leader of Chile. He lead the Chilean economy away from state control, to become a free market economy.

Deng Xioaping

Made the Chinese economy less communist and more free market by allowing peasants to lease land and sell some of their crops at market and allowing private ownership of some businesses.

North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)

Was a deal between the U.S., Canada, and Mexico that said Mexican factories would produce goods and export them tariff-free to the U.S. and Canda.

World Trade Organization (WTO)

To promote global trade by assisting in the negotiation of trade deals, acting as a moderator for various trade disputes, and creating initiatives to assist developing countries along the scale of development.

Multinational Corporation

An entity that is incorporated in one country but manufactures and sells goods in other countries.

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

Declaration created by the U.N. in 1948 that articulated the basic human rights that belonged to all human beings and protected the rights of citizens who had been oppressed in the past.

Nelson Mandela

Through his imprisonment he brought more criticism around the world towards the apartheid system in South Africa which segregated colored people.

Green Belt Movement

Addressed the environmental problems such as streams drying up and feeding the population by planting trees, reviving soil, and collecting rainwater for irrigation and drinking.

Human Rights Movements

Aimed for equality for blacks in the U.S., Mahatma Gandhi’s violent resistance in India, and women’s rights that were fought for.

Reggae

Mixture of Jazz and calypso music that spread around the world and its African culture with it, thanks to Bob Marley.

Bollywood

Produced films with bright colors and musical numbers that have spread and carried their won cultural influences throughout the world.

Social Media

Allow people to share their thoughts, ideas, and lives globally, leading to a large amount of cultural diffusion occurring at rapid speeds.

Globalization

Increase in demand for equality.

U.N. Security Council

Maintains peace since they have the authority to use force to keep the peace, such as if a member of a nation was violating the principles of the U.N.