Oil and Natural Gas

Renewable Resources

replenished over short time spans

Non renewable resources

deposits whose accumulation takes millions of years

what are the top three uses for fossil fuels?

electrical power, transportation, industrialheating

what temperature is petroleum formed at?

25 oC

what temperature is petroleum formed at?

25-60 oC

what temperature is Naphtha formed at?

60-180 oC

what temperature is paraffin formed at?

180-220 oC

what temperature is diesel formed at?

220-250 oC

what temperature is fuel oil formed at?

250-300 oC

what temperature is lubricating oil formed at?

300-350 oC

what temperature is bitumen formed at?

350 oC +

What is petroleum formed from?

remains of ancient marine organisms buried under sediment

What type of rock does petroleum form in?

Sedimentary rock

At what depth does biogenic gas form?

0-1kmin depth below the surface

At what temperature does biogenic gas form?

0-60 oC

At What depth does oil form?

1-4.5 km

At what temperature does oil form?

30-130 oC

At what depth does Thermogenic gas form?

3-6 km

At what temperature does Thermogenic gas form?

90-200 oC

what type of gas is natural gas?

a thermogenic gas

where does diagenesis occur?

low depths

what does diagenesis form?

immature petroleum

where does Katagenesis occur?

mid depths

what does Katagenesis create?

oil and a bit of natural gas

what does metagenesis create

natural gas

what does metamorphic create?

high temperature methane

What is petroleum source rock?

beds rich in organic matter

what is a petroleum reservoir?

permeable beds such as sandstone

what maintains a petroleum reservoir underground?

cap rock

what direction does petroleum travel naturally?

upwards

cap rock

an impermeable rock (often salt) that traps oil and natural gas bellow ground