APES Chaper 13 Vocab

intrinsic growth rate

the maximum potential for growth of a population under ideal conditions with unlimited resources

exponential growth model

growth model that estimates a population's future size after a period of time based on the intrinsic growth rate and the number of reproducing individuals currently in the population

J shaped curve

the curve of the exponential growth model when graphed

logistic growth model

a growth model that describes a population whose growth is initially exponential, but slows as the population approaches the carrying capacity of the environment

S-shaped curve

the shape of the logistic growth model when graphed

overshoot

when a population becomes larger than the environment's carrying capacity

competitive exclusion principle

the principle stating that two species competing for the same limiting resource cannot coexist

die off

a rapid decline in a population due to death

K-selected species

a species with a low intrinsic growth rate that causes the population to increase slowly until it reaches carrying capacity

competition

the struggle of individuals to obtain a limiting resource

symbiotic relationship

The relationship between two species that live in close association with each other

r-selected species

a species that has a high intrinsic growth rate, which often leads to population overshoots and die-offs

inbreeding depression

when individuals with similar genotypes - typically relatives - breed with each other and produce offspring that have an impaired ability to survive and reproduce

survivorship curve

a graph that represents the distinct patterns of species survival as a function of age

community ecology

the study of interactions between species

type 1 survivorship curve

a pattern of survival over time in which there is high survival throughout most of the life span, but then individuals start to die in large numbers as they approach old age

corridor

strips of natural habitat that connect populations

type 2 suvivorship curve

A pattern of survival over time in which there is relativley constant decline in survivorship throughout most of the life span

metapopulation

a group of spatially distinct populations that are connected by occasional movements of individuals between them

type 3 suvivorship curve

a pattern of survival over time whihc there is low survivorship early in life with few individuals reacing adulthood.