Buda: Academic Chemistry CH 5.2- Electron Configuration

How many energy levels are there?

seven

atomic orbitals

the regions around the nucleus within which the electrons have the highest probability of being found

Energy level location determines ______________.

reactivity

What is another name for the first sublevel?

"s" sublevel

What is the shape of the "s" sublevel orbital?

spherical

How many orbitals are in the "s" sublevel?

one

What is another name for the second sublevel?

"p" sublevel

How many orbitals are in the "p" sublevel?

three

Aufbau Principle

- each electron occupies the lowest level available.

Pauli Exclusion Principle

- each atomic orbital can hold a maximum of two electrons

- two electrons in the same orbital must have opposite spin

Hund's Rule

- electrons must be distributed in equal-energy orbitals before a 2nd electron can be added to the same orbital

Short Hand Configuration

using the symbol of the Noble gas that comes before the element

valence electrons

electrons on the outermost energy level of an atom

What is the maximum amount of valence electrons can a configuration contain?

8

What orbitals are valence electrons located in?

S & P orbitals

Lewis Dot Structure

diagram of a molecule using dots to represent valence electrons

How do you distribute valence electrons around the element symbol?

first valence electron: goes above it

second valence electron: goes to the right of it

third valence electron: goes below it

fourth valence electron: goes to the left of it

fifth valence electron: (repeats) goes above it