unit 4: tenses

active: past simple

• verb + ed/ irregular form

• action completed in past

active: present simple

• verb + s in 3rd p. sing

• fact, habit, truth

active: future simple

• will + verb

active: past continuous

• was/were + present participe

• progress in the past + background action

active: present continuous

• am/is/are + present participle

• action happening now + arrangement in the future

active: future continuous

• will be + present participle

active: past perfect

• had + past participle

active: present perfect

• have/has past participle

• action: in the past is important in the present + experience up to the present + started in the past → continuous in the present + a recent past action

active:future perfect

• will have + past participle

active: past perfect continuous

• had been + present participle

• action happened before particular time → still in progress in the past  + focus = duration

active: present perfect continuous

• has/have been + present participle

• stress on duration + action continuous beyond the present

active: future perfect continuous

• will have been + present participle

passive: past simple

• was/were + past participle

• completed in the past

passive:present simple

• am/is/are + past participle

• fact, habit, truth

passive: future simple

• will be + past participle

passive: past continuous

• was/were being + past participle